


.-^ 



O' 



,.0" "^ 





















:^'^^.. 



'0% 



^><. %^ ^^^ r^ 



^ ^^ 



N ^- - ■ =^ -^ ' 






,-^' 



.v\ 



A 



^^W1^^ - '^0^ 



^^A v^ 






^-^ 









%^ ^'^'^ 



O' '^^ '// C^ 



eP' 






I o 









.... . ... .. c 






Si \V 

^ . \ , ^ * 












..\' 



:iX' 



-V 



< * "' 



L^ 



^0 



> > 



a 1 \ 






.'V 



z - - 
















■x^^-^. °;=H' 












\^ 



•^ 






'f * ^ > ^0' , 

53. "^i , *o ■ 



c^^- 





% -/. 



^x ^^' 






■^ 



4^ ^^^ 



rL' I- 



\ * O 



I \ 



,0 



^^ 






\^ ^., 



^^ V^ 










\%l 



s>' . 



^' ' ^^-^^'^'^ ^? 



-^- * 8 I A "* ^4 



,0- 



<> 



%.^ 



V^' s 



.\^ 



xO^" s^ V '/, 'C^ 











•^^. 



.-Jv- 



-^^ 



.'X . ^TN.«^. .. ><^^^ ^ ^^.. ^^-^^^ 



. X -* ^G^ 






'^. 




\' 



.0^ 



'^ c 



'^ >v 



QO 



X V- 



^^.. . 



>lJ> 






Y i- 









<:5 



>.^v 



0^.-\"'^-'c- 



^.. 'V. .0^ A^^' ^-"^^ % 









^- ^^ .^-'^X 







:cn^- 



o 









'-^^ 



'^> ,c^ 






1^^ 



/J ^. 



* ■<r 



.-0- ^ ^. % A^ ^* ^ b 




o 0^ 



^ V 



SS^ 



^ 







^^.'\" •^. <i'V' * 









.'\^' ^\^0:f::%.' 



PRICE. I .50. 



WILL MAKE -1^ 



'>^'« 



•^1- YOU $1000 



^.^ 







WRITTEN BY 



G. R. HOLLINGSWORTH 
HagerstoiDii, Md. 



U/ill/T\aKeY'oij $1,000 



A Guide to the 



METHODS of HANDLING H0R8E8 



-^ AND + THE ^* 



Treatment of their Diseases. 

DISEASES OF CATTLE. 

U/09d(jrf(jl Diseouery for )^095 






/ 



By G. R. HOLLINGSWORTH, 
Hagerstown, Md. 






1892. I 

OLOBE JOB ROOMS PRINT, f^ 6 ^ VT' 

HAGCRSiTOWN, MR. -^^ ^ 



Introduction. 

It is highly importaDt for a man wishing to 
handle horses and other animals skillfully that he 
should i)ossess nerve, energy, and above all be 
able to control liis temper, remembering that he 
has all the strong mental faculties, while the 
Horse can think of but one thing at a time. 
Should you lose your temper, whip, slash and hal- 
loo, making it impossible for the horse's under- 
standing, while the horse is now excited, also the 
teacher, you forget to pat or encourage him, when 
does right and your horse then becomes man shy, 
which is very hard to overcome again. Be strong, 
firm and elastic with the reins and appliances you 
are using, never allowing the animal to know^ his 
strength. When horses have their own way tliey 
lia\ e very little reasoning power. A horse has 
some strong powers of recollection and in some 
instances they are stronger than man, so much so 
that they will take advantage in the field and 
stable, harness and saddle. 

Man as a high being o^ er the horse and know- 
ing the strength, and especially how they differ 



WILL MAK TOU $1,000. 



in dispositions, is not excusable for taking risks 
in giving the horse more freedom than belongs to 
an animal like the horse with his great strena:th 
in comparison to man. When a savage horse 
opens battle with heels or mouth, a man unless on 
his watch and guard is nothing more than a 
mouse in the cage of a lion. 

Intending to make this a Pocket Manual and 
not a history, I do not think it expedient at this 
place to illustrate what may follow in its pages, 
as may be observed by the reader when his eye 
shall greet the letters that he will find there, from 
the standard bearers of this country. Having 
spent my entire life with farmers and horse 
owners, I do not want for language to express to 
them in this book anything but what will be of 
vast importance in every-day life, a^d not take 
up their valuable time with anything too compli- 
cated, that they will not at once be able to diag- 
nose and thoroughly understand. My ointments, 
and my entire medicine department and theory 
are from a life-long study, and it affords me 
pleasure to put them before the public, as it 
always gave me pleasure to study and improve in 
every way, and adopt all methods which would 
afford the greatest success and lead to speedy 
victory. 

I therefore with 20 years' association with horses 
consider all of them unsafe when trusted too far 
They are never too gentle or well broken not to 



INTRODUCTION. 

commit great damage to man's life. In every-day 
life we see and read of accidents, of horses that 
have been in use 15 to 20 years; therefore, trust 
them not with old harness and defective, half 
broken down wagons or machines, for when once 
they get away, old or young, they sometimes never 
get over it, and only wait for an opportunity to 
do so again. I do not intend in this work to 
write a history, but simply to give some facts or, 
as it were, to build a fence of i)rotection around 
the owners and handlers of horses which will pro- 
tect them from damage to themselves or their 
horses. They can put up the inside fences as they 
see best, just as persons buying a piece of land 
can work on the inside at their own pleasure, but 
when they cross the outer line, they do so at their 
own risk Now when I tell what risks you may 
take with safety, and then you take greater, it is 
then at your own risk you are making the vent- 
ure. It is not a sign of bravery when a man gets 
in front of a circular saw or a steam engine when 
they are in motion for the purpose of stopping 
them, but he should always endeavor to have the 
steam or power on his own side, for the public 
only condemns such horsemen. It is only a matter 
of time when they shall be expelled by the 
greater power of the horse. 




Histori] of My Life. 

I was boru in 1850, on the celebrated stock farm 
"Willow Grove" known as the Hollingsworth farm, 



HISTORY OF MY LIFE. 



near Winchester, Virginia. My father, Isaac 
Hollingsworth, was born and raised on the same 
farm, his father having been married twice. He 
was the only child, his father dying when he was 
quite small ; he was educated at Dickinson Col- 
lege, located at Carlisle, Pa., from which he grad- 
uated when he was 19 years of age. He then 
returned to the farm and stocked it with the most 
choice stock of those days, making a specialty of 
high grade Saddle and Driving Horses and the 
farm was thoroughly stocked with all tlie im- 
proved stock of the day ; and not only was he 
noted for the tine stock he possessed, but he 
seemed to be born with that love for the horse, 
that he soon became a center of attraction. He 
was considered the most graceful horseback 
rider to be found anywhere in those days. His 
stock was nuich sought after and admired at 
fairs. I often wondered when a boy, growing up 
if mv father could love a horse more than I. I 
was the oldest son and when not at school my 
father took a delight when I was only ten years 
ohl in having me in the library reading ah>ud, 
and being unable to pronounce many words cor- 
rectly would cause him to laugh and ridicule me, 
until we both would get thi^ough the chapter. 

When 1 was 13 years old I was able to look 
after all stock and administer to any ordinary 
wound and at fairs or other i)laces if a horse 
would take colic was able to tell the groom what 



10 WILL MAKE YOU $1,000. 

he should c^ive him. In reference to mv educa- 
tioii, T studied uuder the guidance of a private 
tutor at home nntil I was 13, when I was sent to 
the Academy in Winchester, where 1 remained 
until T was 17 years of age. Shortly after T re- 
tuined home my father died. T remained home 
one year, when the estate being settled np I then 
left on a prospecting tour to Texas. Having visited 
the most important parts of the state, and awhile 
on the Red River, I then returned to Winchester, 
my native home. x\t that time Cumberhind, 
Maryland, was then booming and liking the town 
I bought an old livery man out, and conducted 
the livery business and the treatment of stock, 
in which I was most successful, as the reader will 
see from Mr. Fred IVIertin's letter, who owned 
and worked upon the C. & O. Catial over 1(X) 
head of horses and mules, all of which were 
wanting treatment and T attended during my 
many years there. From Cumberland T removed 
to Hagerstown, INIaryland, and have conducted a 
sale stable, shipping horses to the city, spring 
and fall, and in the meantime have enjoyed a 
large practice in which I have been successful, and 
in which T am endcnsed by the leading people of 
this county. 

Some three years ago the great Hagerstown 
Fair Association otfered a handsome prize, 
valued at $50.00, to the most graceful gentleman 
rider. In this contest I was most successful, 



HISTORY OF MY LIFE. 11 



having received the highest mark every day, the 

Society requiring the last day eacli rider to keep 

his horse in a trot. 
Having made a life-time stndy of the horse, 

being engaged in notliing else, and having owned 

fine horses, stimnlated me more and more, to be 

able to administer to their wants, and to be able 

to take care of the high dollar which was invested. 

Mnch can be learned by close observation an<l 
attention. As so many changes take place w^hen 
the animal is alone which go unnoticed, untiring 
and faithful attention, and giving medicines reg- 
ularly, never aUowing the disease of whatever 
character to go unnoticed, by giving orie dose of 
medicine and then waiting till the next morning 
to see the sick animal, but give hinj the same at- 
tention as you would a sick person, always re- 
membering to see that everything is comfortable 
around him. 

Never give injurious uiedicine, unless you are 
acquainted with what you are doing. What is 
once put down his throat is anchored until nature 
can vacate it through the horse. He cannot 
vomit, therefore, it may do harm before leaving 
his stomach. Never did a shut mouth ever tell 
lies ; so, after all; close attention and making 
close observations after death is the only means 
we have to be able to treat dumb animals. 

Hoi)ing this book may always have a green 
spot in your memory. I remain 
Yours Respectfully, 

G. R. ETOLLINGSWORTH. 



Testimonials. 



Mayor's Office, Hagerstown, Md., Feb. 13, 1892. 
To all lohom it may conceim : 

This is to certify that I have known Dr. G. R. Hollings- 
worth for several years, and from my knowledge of him 
and the information obtained through persons with whom 
I am well acquainted, it gives me great pleasure to 
recommend him to all who may need his services, as one 
who has a thorough knowledge of and experience with 
the handling and treatment of horses. 

Reinhold J. Halm, Mayor. 



Mechanics' J.oan and Savings Institute, 

Hagerstown, Md., Feb. 16, 1892. 
Dr. G. R. Ho Hngsworth^ Hagerstown^ Maryland. 
Dear Sir : 

Your handling of several horses for me and their treat- 
ment in a veterinary capacity, has been highly satisfac- 
tory and proves to my mind that your superior skill and 
ability as a thorough horseman cannot be gainsaid. 

Respectfully, 
George E. Stover, 
Assistant Treasurer. 



Hagerstown, Md., Feb. 17, 1892. 
To whom it may concern : 

Dr. G. R. Hollingsworth has been a patron of my store 
for the past eight years. I have always found him to be 



TESTIMONIALS. 13 



a prompt, efficient and truthful gentleman. During these 
years he has bought largely of drugs and medicine, and 
has always shown a knowledge in his profession fully 
sustained by his success in veterinary practice. 1 
heartily recommend him. Very respectfully, 

D. C. AUGHINBAUGH. 



Adams Express Company, 
Pennsylvania Division, 
Office of Assistant Superintendent. 
Harrisburg, Pa., Feb. (5, 1892. 
6^. R. HoUingsworth, Esq.^ Veterinary Surgeon, Hagers- 
town, Md. 
Dear Sir : 

Having purchased at different times a number of horses 
from you for use of Adams Express Company, and being 
obliged frequently to engage you in a veterinary capacity, 
I take great pleasure in saying that the stock, as also 
your services, always gave entire satisfaction ; therefore, 
I cheerfully recommend your knowledge, ability and 
experience in the handling and treatineiit of horses, to 
such people as may become your patrons. Wishing you 
success in your new departure, I am 

Very respectfully, 
G. H. MooREHOUSE, Asst. Superintendent. 



Ellwood Stock Farm. 

Hagerstown, Md., Feb. 12, 1892. 
Br. G. R. HolUngsworth, Hagerstoion, Md. 
Dear Sir : 

Having purchased sevei'al horses for myself and friends 
and have frequently engaged you in a veterinary capacity, 
the stock and also your services have given satisfaction. 
Therefore I cheerfully recommend your knowledge, ability 
and experience in the handling and treatment of horses 
to such people as may become your patrons. 

Very truly, Jno. N. Ripple, 



14 WILL MAKE YOU $1,000. 

Merit, Ability and Faithfulness. 

Editors News: — Merit, ability and faithfulness are 
most commendable and they are traits not often found, 
but they are exceptions to all rules, and one has been 
found by the undersigned in Dr. G. R. Holling-sworth, 
veterinary surgeon, of this place. 

Desiring to visit Berkeley Springs, by driving from 
Washington City, D. C. after a very pleasant and suc- 
cessful drive from there to this place, which was reached 
on Monday, 27th inst., our horse was suddenly taken sick, 
and on inquiring for a veterinary surgeon very fortu- 
nately I was directed to the Doctor, and his indefatigable 
services, night and day, since, coupled with the surgical 
ability which he has shown in the case of the afflicted 
animal, has so commended him to me that 1 take this 
occasion through your paper to recommend him to any 
one having a sick or crippled horse, 

1 have no axe to grind in this, being a resident of 
Washington City, 1). C, and only do an act of justice to 
the doctor and a kindness to my fellow man when similarly 
environed. Hagerstown Ntwa, .luly. 1891. 

ISmith Thompson, 
1829 F St., N. W., 
Washington, D. C. 

Hagkrstown EvKNiNii Ulobk, Dec. 81, 18»1: 

Dr. G. R. Hollingsworth, this city, gave an interesting 
entertainment at the Winter brother's farm, near Wood 
Point yesterday afternoon with his new process of driving 
wild horses. He drove two Broncho horses in one hour 
and drove the last one he handled to this city in a spring 
wagon. Many persons witnessed the exhibition and pro- 
nounced the system a success. 



Evening World of Roanoke, Va., Nov. 27, 1890: 

Dr. G. R. Hollingsworth, of Hagerstown, Md., arrived 
here this morning with a carload of Maryland horses to 



TESTIMONIALS. 16 



be placed on this market. They will be on sale at Dyer 
Brothers livery stables on Jefferson street. Among the 
horses is General Hancock, a chestnut stallion rated at 
2:30 and weighs 1,200 pounds. He is beyond question one 
of the handsomest ever seen in this city and has no 
superior for style or beauty. 

A pair of Cleveland bays for carriage use are among the 
lot and attract marked attention, A pair of fine thor- 
oughly broken saddle horses are also shown as well as a 
fine coupe horse specially desirable for family use. The 
remainder are adapted to general uses and altogether this 
presents an excellent opportunity to secure first-class 
stock. 

They will be offered at public sale on tomorrow (Friday) 
afternoon at 2 o'clock, at the stables of Dyer Brothers, 
and in the interim will be open to private sale. 



Cumberland, Md., Feb. 29, 1884. 
Dr. G. R. Hollingsworth, Hagerstown, Md. 
Dear Sir : 

Yours of the 28th inst., at hand, asking for the use of 
my name before the public in regard to your treatment of 
diseased stock. Permit me to say that you have treated 
horses and mules for me for nearly all kind of diseases, 
and especially cases of bone spavin, in all of which you 
have been most successful in saving my stock, which 
would otherwise have been a total loss. I therefore 
cheerfully recommend you to the public's consideration, 
knowing your ability and skillful operations in treating 
my stock. Very truly yours, F. Mertins. 

Mr. Mertins' letter I treasured highly for he owned over 
100 head of stock, horses and mules, which was used on 
the canal and required my attention every day for more 
than six years. 



16 WILL MAKE YOU $1,000. 



Cumberland, Md., Feb. 26, 1884. 
Dr. G. R. Holj>inc4vSWORTH, Hagerstown, Md. 
Dear Sir : 

Your favor of the 25th inst. duly at hand, asking me to 
allow you the use of my name before the public in refer- 
ence to your skill and ability in the treatment of sick or 
blemished horses, mules and cattle. 1 will say that it 
gives me great pleasure to say to all whom it miay concern, 
that T have the utmost confidence in your handling and 
treatment of sick and diseased stock, from services you 
have rendered me and from what I have seen in other 
cases not my own. 1 have been personally ac(i[uainted 
with you for years, and most gladly recommend you to 
the people at large. Yours respectfully, 

Hanson Willison. 



Hagerstown, Md., March 1, 1884. 
We are personally acquainted with Mr. Hanson Willison, 
and will endorse his statement of Dr. (t. R. Hollings worth. 

Lewis G. Stanhope, 
Judge A. K. Sy ester, 
B. A. Garlinger, 



The Baldw^in, 
J. E Thomas, Prop. 

Hagerstown, Md., Feb. 17, 1892. 
To whom it may concern : 

1 have known Dr. G. R. Ilollingsworth for the past 8 
years and during that time have seen him in the pursuit 
of his profession, and consider him one of the most skillful 
horsemen and scientific veterinary surgeons that I ever 
met. He has handled and broken unruly and vicious 
horses for me, which I subsequently handled with ease, 
and drove with safety. In fact I regard him as a thorough 
born horseman and absolute master of his professional 
business an<l cheerfully recommend his services to the 
public. Very truly, .I.K.Thomas. 



TESTIMONIALS. 17 

(From the Hagerstown Mail, Feb. 8, 1892.) 
At the Maylield Stock Farm of Mr. A. M. Christie, near 
this city, there was a fine yearling colt by Alchemist, out 
of Aliss Innis, by Hapi)y IMedium, second dam by Belmont, 
that could not be handled at all. He was an obstinate 
and vicious little beast. On Saturday, Mr. Christie em- 
ployed Dr. Hollingsworth to break and handle the animal, 
which had spurned all approach, and presented flying 
heels to every attempt to touch him. The doctor, whose 
f)icture appears above, at once began his course of treat- 
ment, and as if by magic, subdued the spirited little ani- 
mal. Within an hour, ]\Ir. Christie was able to lead him 
around, and handle him with perfect freedom. Mr. Chris- 
tie's note to the doctor is as follows : 

"I am greatly pleased with your system of handling 
fractious horses and colts. It is so kind and gentle and 
yet so efficacious. It seeme to be certain, sure and lasting, 
and I can heartily recommend Dr. Hollingsworth." 

A M. CHRISTIE. 
Such a recommendation from a well-known breeder like 
Mr. Christie, is praise indeed. 



HotD to Examine a Horse. 

Never purchase a horse in the stable uutil you 
have first taken him out on the level soil, when 
you can take your time and let him have his 
head. Do not allow a whip to be used wliile you 
look at him. When the animal comes to the door 
to be brought out, you look at his eyes under the 
door. Having the back ground dark, you will be 
able to see his eyes more clearly. Now let him 
come out, stand in front, look at his front feet 
and see if they are the same size, then let your 
eye run up to his knees and see how many 
splints there may be on the outside as well as 
inside. All this time keep an eye on his head, now 
and then, to see if he is watching you, and you 
will be able to detect some knowledge of his 
sense. Some horses may be subject to fits and 
dumb, and much knowledge can be drawn by 
watching their heads how they stand and act- 
Stoop down, looking through the front legs to 
hock, see that they are the same size, free of spavin 
and look through his hind legs for ruptures, and 
if castrated clean. Horse with a stud-looking neck 



HOW TO EXAMINE A HORSE. 19 



should be taken up to a mare. If you have any 
doubt about him not being cut clean, he will then 
act like a stud. They are dangerous to be with 
other horses or get loose in a stable. Now walk 
behind him, look over his rump, and see if his 
hips are both alike. Now step on each side, 
notice him breathe, and see if he ever had a rib 
broken, or had fistula ; all this being done, take 
time on his mouth. See that his teeth do not 
bear any appearance of a cribber, and look far 
back in his mouth if an old animal, and see how 
his moalers look, then have a boy to run ahead of 
him, and see how he tracks, or goes lame, and 
carries his tail. Have the boy to get on his 
back, and run him one hundred yards from you 
and back as fast as he can go without 
injuring him, and now you can catch his 
wind. Always look close to a horse's 
hocks for they are liable to be injured in 
many cases, and so many blemishes appear 
on the hocks, as the strain is very great ; also his 
ankles, look for warts in his ears, also examine 
his tail for they sometimes infest it, and cause 
grave trouble. Always try to drive a horse before 
you i)ay for him, unless you know your man and 
horse; even then you may not like him after you 
see him travel, for some animals look good one 
place and some another. If you are buying a 
double team then comes judgment and plenty of 
it, for one horse may be perfect and the other not 



20 WILL MAKE YOU $1,000. 

good and do not travel together. Any gentleman 
not being full}' competent of examining a horse 
should get some one who can be thorough in all 
his doings throughout. You cannot take too 
much time in trying a single horse or a double 
team for family use, until you have been con- 
vinced they are safe and what you want. You 
can tind horses, but not dear friends. I can only 
say, always be on your guard, look for habits 
good or bad. T think uiore than half the battle 
is a perfect eye. The safety and comfort depends 
on horses with perfect eyes, does not shy from 
mismanagement or having been abused. If 
allowed to stand without use in cold weather, he 
may look wild, and jump around and especially 
when anything comes up quickly behind him. 
Horses should have plenty of light. Anything 
from a cold or eye-running, the animal is unsound 
until cured. A horse losing one eye blemished 
both eyes out blemished. Horses do not all have 
feet alike, some much smaller than others, while 
some will contract sooner than others. Horses 
with mule-shaped feet will contract if not closely 
watched, if used and kept shod on hard roads 
when contracted; unsound tlat foot will do for 
farm, but bad for a driver. Horses with corns 
which come on the inside, mostly unsound corns 
can appear soon. Therefore look before the 
money passes. Cracked in the feet either side or 
front blemished. When a horse has a bad case 



HOW TO MANAGE A HORSE. dl 

of thrush, and his steps are short, and his feet 
drawn in at the heel he is ansound. Thrush is 
not unsound in a mihl form. Ringbone above 
the feet unsound, cartilages at the top the coronet 
unsound, and best lit for farm use. Canker un- 
sound, allow thrush to exist too long will produce 
canker, windgalls at the bottom of the cannon 
bone not large shows a great deal of use has been 
liad out of the animal and especially if on the 
outside, and inside it is a blemish and not too 
great would not reject a good animal as a horse 
grows old, if not too large they go off. Splints 
not close to the knee, half way down the cannon 
bone not too large sound, curbs if not large does 
not interfere with him in the least sound. Spavin 
either bone or bog unsound swelled or capped 
nocks not large blemished, through pins not large 
showing only a windgall, out side leg sound. 
Grease unsound. Hitch in the back unsound. 
Horse tender in the front feet or sore and stum- 
bles unsound. Heavy in the wind or rupture un- 
sound. Heaves unsound. All colds and coughs 
unsound until cured. Sprung front knees un- 
sound. A horse flighty and over rush of ])lood to 
the head unsound. A horse that has ever had 
poll-evil or fistula and properly cured not leaving 
bad etfect blemished. Cribbing unsound. Sur- 
feit unsound. Lampas blemished until scored 
with a knife. 
1 have tried to point out to you many defects, 



22 WILL MAKE YOU $1,000. 

and to have you on your <;uard ; and not with- 
standing-, you will still go nstiny in Imying if not 
careful. It is well to take a receipt foi- a liorse 
bought to be sound, etc. 

$150 00 Hagerstowjn, Ml)., Jan. 1, 1892. 

Received of Samuel R. Jones One Hundred and Fifty 
Dollars for one bay mare warranted sound free from vice. 
Six years old next spring- quiet to drive, and true in all 
harness, and safe to ride. 

A. O. Bowman. 

Hagerstown, Md., Jan. 6, 1892. 

Received of Mrs. A. P. (Colston, Ninety Dollars for one 
gray mare ; sound except lower cap of hip being down ; 
quiet to drive. A. L. Strite. 

The above mare will not allow any one to ride with 
safety, so it was left out the receipt, also age and vice. 

A horse with a good barrel, and a place to 
carry his dinner, and not pot-gutted, should 
always have considerable tlie advantage in mar- 
ket over a horse with tucked flanks and small 
feeder. It is generally a good sign to go by, for 
unless he eats when at work he must go down in 
flesh and is more liable to get sick. His chances 
are better than tliose of any dainty animal. 

If you live in a town or city and want to buy a 
driving horse, never purchase a colt, if you want 
to do much driving for they are apt to become 
unsound before you are awaie, and then again 
colts are like children. They get sick and go 
through with colt distemper and get gouty when 
fed too much grain. They require like everything 



HOW TO MANAGE A HORSE. 23 

else, exercise ; but it should be in a moderate 
form and not many know a colt can be ruined 
both by over-feeding as well as by driving. Then 
they are not gentle for town use, they get full of 
play and like to give vent to tlieir feelings by 
showing their hind feet sometimes ; and, too, 
they chance to become frightened and they kick 
something behind them, and start to run, and 
kick for all they can. 

Always watch that a dog never bites your colt 
or horse on his legs when driving, for some grave 
accidents have happened, and nothing will make 
a horse act worse than wlien badly frightened by 
a dog taking hold of his leg, for they do it quickly 
and bite hard, and then again some horses have 
very little idea of being very gentle. 

At the best, a horse broad between the eyes, 
large nostrils, good eye, are generally good ani- 
mals, and if a very heavy foreto]) inclined to be 
lazy. 

Still all things differ when properly shown and 
handled ; but, as a rule, much knowledge can be 
gained fiom close observations of a horse's head, 
when you once know where to look for things 
that denote faithfulness — ears, eyes, nostrils and 
shape of head — as I have explained. 

We are liable to fall in love too easy with a 
horse, then allow ourselves to be persuaded by 
others too quickly to buy and then in a few days 
what a difference — all wrong ; bought too quick ; 



24 WILL MAKE YOU |1,000. 

lose possibly fifty dollars or more ; try it again. 

Now, anything you found wrong with this ani- 
mal will be the first thing you look for when you 
go to purchase again. 

I shall say little about telling the age of a 
horse, for when a horse gets past eight years old, 
three months make a big difference. So many 
differ in telling ages. All go by the appearance 
of the mouth, and any dealer can generally tell 
any horse ui) to ten and twelve years old ; there- 
fore, if a responsible person, his warranty covers 
this point. 

In all large cities where large horse sales are 
made they do not guarantee the exact age of a 
horse. They may be called seven or eight. Then 
you must decide or take your best friend's judg- 
ment, or can you be able to risk your own opin- 
ion in the matter, and know what you want by 
looking over the animal, then buy and nine times 
out of ten you will use and be satisfied with him. 



Wow to Tell Age of Horses. 

This can onlj'^ be understood by tliose who 
after years and experience in buying and hand- 
ling horses that are expert, for horse's teeth differ 
very much. When a colt comes he has but first 
and second grinders, top and bottom, eight in all, 
four each above and below, and he may come 
without any, and in two or three days afterward 
he cuts the remaining teeth in succession, when 
two front nippers come top and bottom fairly 
through, when ten or eleven days old; when the 
next four come through he is one month old. 
When the third pair come through indicate eight 
months; these now last him until coming three 
years old, and are called milk teeth. When three 
years, he gets two center nii)pers having two full 
large teeth top and bottom ; when four years- old, 
the second pair of large teeth appear in order, 
one milk tooth at each side, top and bottom. 
When five years old, full mouth, all his milk teeth 
have been shed; some would think his milk teeth 
are fastened in the bone, but they are not; they 
only extend through the gums to the bone, and 



26 WILL MAKE YOU $1,000. 



are easily ex})elled. When he has a full mouth 
of teeth, forty in all, twelve nippers, four bridle 
teeth and twenty-four molars, six on toj) jaw, 
same on the lower, makini;' twelve on each side. 
In the mare the tusks do not always make their 
appearance. Most cases when the mare gets up 
in years, the tusks are between the nippers and 
molars. Blind teeth or wolf teeth come close u\) 
to the first molar teeth on the upper jaw, some- 
times they are very large and sometiuies very 
small. I shall not enter into the long arguuient 
about blind teeth. Many farmers will not rest a 
day if they know a colt has blind teeth until they 
are taken out. T will say you run no risk in 
taking them out, and you have your mind re- 
lieved. This custom has l)een handed down from 
ages. I have seen colts that were weeping from 
the eyes, and after pulling the teeth they got 
better. So the proof of the matter is a test. 
Many horsemen go by the cups in the nippers in 
tihe lower jaw and use them to tell up to ten 
years. Horse six years old looses cups in center 
teeth on lower jaw, seven years old next almost 
gone, so on until nine when very little cuj) can 
be seen on the end teeth. The teeth commence to 
shrink and by the time another year comes 
around, his teeth get shar]) up to the gums, each 
year grow long and so on as years roll by, it then 
takes general appearance to tell the age, by those 
that have watched it closely, then all miss some- 



HOW TO TELL AGE OF HORSES. 27 



times for some dealers take spirits salts and can 
wash every line and clean pretty and white, then 
again all corners can be taken down even, mak- 
ing a pretty set of teeth, then again by taking a 
sharp awl and drilling cups almost as natural as 
ever ; then take a stick of caustic and ]jut a little 
in the cups already made will turn them black, 
and last a year or more and after standing over 
night, if done by an expert, it takes one quite 
skilled to detect it. Many four year old horses 
pass for five, some people only look for milk 
teeth and seeing them gone, having been jjuUed 
out to mislead the buyer, he never stops to count 
the front teeth, and taking a glance at the teeth 
goes on dealing and thinks he has a good five- 
year old horse ready for work. I have seen old 
horses sixteen years old with a mouth not over 
nine years old, but this is seldom seen unless he 
has l)een in the dental chair. Horses have de- 
cayed teeth, and sometimes have aching teeth 
like people, and refuse grain and leave it in the 
trough. In this case have them extracted, and 
with the improved instruments it can be done 
almost as easy as man's teeth. Bad teeth will 
cause the horse to slobber at the mouth, and in 
some cases a bad odor, and when colts get three 
years old and commence to loose their milk teeth 
and should some not fall out and the big teeth 
are coming crooked, pull out milk teeth with 
forceps. 



Wow to Handle Horses. 

Oonmience the very minute you lay y<Air eyes 
on a colt. When j'ou can get your hands on it, 
|)at him on the head and convince it you are a 
friend. All little colts, when they first come, are 
willing- to walk up to every object to make it out. 
If allowed to run at large all the summer and are 
never put in the barn, they get very wild. If 
well fed, it will take more work in the fall when 
you go to wean them, but if you don't do any- 
thing with them until six months old, be sure and 
break them to halters and lead and get gentle for 
they will not be so big and heavy and a man can 
handle them. They will not be so ugly afterward 
and they will know when you take hold of them 
that you are their masters, aud they will not be 
hard to use in harness or saddle when they have 
never becouie man-shy. 

If allowed to run until grown and you go to 
handle them take no chances and be ready for 
no bad breaks; that is, fix for them so you will be 
able to stop them from any bad move they may 
make, so that you do not get crippled or allow 



HOW TO HANDLE HORSES. 



them to get frightened, which will take you double 
the time to accomplish your work. 

Many horses are ugly to shoe. Accustom your 
colt to let you handle his front feet by picking 
them up in the stable for they get used to the 
one that feeds them, and will allow you many 
l)rivileges. 

Remember, never be careless, and try and do 
too much, for while you have a dozen colts, you 
may have one or more devils in the lot that you 
have got to use differently. It may have bred 
after the mother or sire, and sometimes they even 
go back. 

Never give colts or horses too much strap 
when you are leading. They can hurt you very 
easily. 

Be careful not to stand in front of any animal 
that pulls back in the stable, for should he fall 
back and not break loose, then jump up in the 
stall and hit you, you might be killed or ruined 
for life. 

They pull until they are almost blind with pain 
and they sometimes throw themselves or fall 
from being heavy about the brain, the halter 
pulling on top of the head over the brain. 

When stock is tied do it right, for one animal 
to get loose in a stable can ruin many a fine 
animal.. It is just as important to be watchful 
of tying stock as it is to speak to them when 



ao WILL MAKE YOU $1,000! 

entering the stable and stall. Always try to 
catch a horse's eye before i;()iiig to liis stall, 
uever go into strange stall and among strange 
horses until you can see for yourself that they 
are not ugly or biters, or ask the owner or stable 
man. 

A horse will sometimes allow you to come in 
liis stall, and when close to his head, turn on you 
and try to squeeze you, or kick, or run back, 
then jump up in the stall, and catch you. Some 
horses are very ugly in pasture, will allow you to 
get close to them then wheel and kick you in the 
twinkling of an eye. 

T don't want to take up so much time in trying 
to learn the young American boys to l)e ever 
watchful, but having gone all over this ground, 
I feel it my duty to give all ideas that may add 
to the safety of lives. 

Never try to open a horse's mouth while fastened 
in a stall. Always unfasten the animal first. 
Then should he fall back no damage will be done. 

When you go from home and either drive a 
young horse or one you have not owned long, 
and tie him in some [)lace where you do not 
unhitch him and stable your horse, you had better 
unfasten him from your wagon or buggy even if 
it does take a little tinae. You may save your 
buggy or your horse by so doing, for you don't 
know but that he may pull back or even know 



HOW TO HANDLE HORSES. 31 



how to sli]) his bridle or be smart enough to untie 
himself. Then damage and loss may follow. 

Avoid being out late at night with unsafe ani- 
inals. Use daylight and take something safe 
when you know you will have (hirkness to con- 
tend with. 

Never risk a lady behind an unsafe horse, until 
you are certain you understand its disi)osition, 
for once a lady is shocked by a runaway or kick- 
ing horse she hardly ever gets over it. You may 
feel you can handle any kind of a horse, but you 
Avill sometimes chance to get the wrong one, if 
you handle many. 

Therefore, be ever watchful and you will never 
regret it when you grow old. 

Always learn a horse to drive with single har- 
ness on before you ever hitch him singly. Learn 
him to turn and to go, and stop when you give 
the word. This is so important. 

Never break a colt in a rush. When you chance 
to get a bad one, use all appliances laid down 
in my book and you will come close to being able 
to achieve the victory and not get hurt. 

When you have a bad horse use him oft' wheel 
or some place where he can do no damage. Never 
allow yourself to take the burden off some one 
who has a bad horse until you first have the 
proper appliances to handle him with, even if 
you have to wait another day to arrange for tho 



32 



WILL MAKE YOU $1,000. 



matter, for if you don't you will ruin the horse, 
or he will get the best of you. 

*'A stitch in time saves nine/' always consider, 
the first time you give a horse his fu'st lesson. 
You should have everything right, and if all goes 
well, you may consider you have got him on a 
straight way to become a useful animal. 




Breaking and Handling Horses, 




The above cut shows how to tix for a bad kicker 
or a runaway and can be used on one taking the 
studs, or in using him to become familiar with 
steam, top wagons, or any object at which he 
will frighten, or if you want to shoot behind him. 

Never whip a horse unless you are certain you 



34 WILL MAKE YOU $1,000. 



are riglit. Having used all other means, then 
nse your wlii^) on bis front knees and on the side 
of his nostrils. These are tender spots with the 
horse. 

Yon will see the horse has on an extra large 
saddle, and under this is a ring. The rope runs 
down to a strap and a ring to his front foot, 
between the ankle and hoof back through the 
ring under his belly to the other foot. You can 
pull both, or one leg as the case may reipiire. A 
rope, or any strap around the body will answer, 
and you can use your regular dri\ing harness, 
and not get them torn. Use something on his 
knees, if on a hard or stony surface, so if you 
pull him down, you will not bark them. This 
will take the starch out of him and you will soon 
learn how to have a well broken colt, and have it 
done with your own force and not have to spend 
money with others and then not get satist^iction. 

Always be in a good humor when handling a 
horse, and you will save many drops of sweat and 
thousands of hard strains u[)on your nerves and 
loss of temi>er. 

If your horse kicks in the plow and harrow, use 
this loop on both legs, and have him on the out^ 
side, and have a man to go several rounds, and 
every time you turn a corner and he kicks bring 
him on his knees. He will soon stop, and do his 
W'ork to Queen's taste. 

Never accustom any horse in driving to jerking 



BREAKING AND HANDLING HORSES. 85 



at his mouth to make him travel. Si)eak to him 
and at the same time use the whip, and at all 
times let him know you have a whip, and when 
you use it give liiui such a cut as he may deserve. 
Don't be touclnn<;- at him all the time, for you 
will make him lazy. 

Study your horse's mouth and use a bit that 
will suit best. Some horses have very tender 
mouths and will never drive good unless they 
have a bit to suit. Neither will a man carry his 
head right urdess he has a collar around his neck 
that is comfortable. 

Never shoe a young horse until his front feet 
get tender and he looks where he is j)uttiQg his 
feet and picks a [)lace like a boy when barefooted. 
When once you learn him this, shoe him, and in 
a few weeks take them off again. This cultivates 
ji good saddle horse. If you want to have a long 
gaited driver, shoe before his feet get tender, and 
he gets to stepping short. 

I believe in making farm horses, as well as 
others, to be careful, and not go falling over every 
little mole hill, for these days farmers use a fair 
size horse for all pur[)oses. Therefore, to per- 
form their duty, let him be sure-footed, for once 
he falls and cuts his knees it spoils the sale and 
many buyers will not buy one with such a blem- 
ish. Morses geneially, when they run away, fall 
and hurt their knees. 

If you want always to avoid all the misfoi tunes 



36 WILL MAKE YOU 11,000. 



you can never trust little boys to hold your 
borses at home or in tbe city, if it be only for 
ever so short a time. 

Never leave children behind any horse without 
good aid. If you have to go from your carriage 
or wagon, take them out first and watch when 
gone. 

Get out to open gates if alone. Eather than 
risk your horse, tie him; then go back and fasten 
the gate. If there is nothing handy to tie to, 
unfasten one side of your line at the bit, that will 
let you back to the gate and keep hold of your 
horse. 

Never risk little children to go about your 
barn. Many accidents have happened by cattle 
or horses or hogs. If in the spring, your cows 
commence to calf and a child should enter the 
barnyard and perhaps you get her when not fresh 
and the party you get her from had no chilcreii. 
She might run at the child and kill it, thin kino- 
she was protecting her calf. Mares will do the 
same thing. 

If you have any old Avells or cisterns about 
your place, be ever careful that they are kept in 
good order and closed, that nothing in roaming 
will walk on them and fall in. In summer, when 
water is scarce, I have seen some bad accidents 
to tine stock hunting water and breaking through, 



BREAKING AND HANDLING HORSES. 37 



and especially where stock is watered froui 
wells. 

I am often asked whether, when I am through 
lireaking- a horse, any person can drive him? I 
answer, no, for there are so many balky drivers 
who are not tit to take hold of a line, mnch less 
drive them. I have seen teams, four and six 
horses, completely spoiled in slashing the whip 
and keeping the team excited until they would 
straighten a trace and when they did, would want 
to go at it in a full run. 

A great many take up a young horse in the 
field, and before gentling him and getting him in 
shape, hitch him to a buggy. Not being familiar 
with the rattle and bustle, he frightens and the 
shock to his nervous system is so great that it 
will require many lessons to overcome the fright. 

After you have once gained the confidence of a 
horse, when you speak to him he will readily 
understand you are his friend. 

A horse man-shy takes a long time to gain his 
confidence. Some horses have mild disposition, 
easily taught, while others are the opposite. 
Some require to be dealt with with a great deal 
of positiveness and firmness at all times. Others 
you cannot be too gentle with, either with your 
whip or voice. 

I believe in handling all horses and keeping 
them at a proper distance. Never fondle, tease 
or worry a horse and more especially a stallion, 



88 WILL MAKE YOU $1,00«. 



for they get gay eiiougli and will soon learn to 
become worthless and danmMous. 

Never whip and slash a horse alter you have 
passed an object at which he has taken fright. 
Use your whi[> in going up to it and speaking 
only. 

Always correct your horse in harness or undi'r 
the saddle the moment he stumbles. In case ln^ 
should do so again he will fear punishment and 
catch himself, but not go down. 

Never hitch a horse with defective harness oi 
wagon, more especially as regards the harness. 
Nothing will cause more serious accident than 
that the breech-band should break. All parts of 
the harness should be in keeping. 

It is well to hitch all horses double the first 
time they are hitched, especially to a top bnggy. 
They get a sight of the buggy entirely ditferent 
and are liable to bolt or kick and in their fright 
pay little attention to tlie driver, while on the 
other hand, having a broken horse beside him 
will give him contidence and in a few miles' drive 
you have accomplished your work without acci- 
dent. 

A horse running and trying to get away from a 
top machine will take a long time for them to get 
over it. I do not think any horse properly 
broken nntil he has been nsed without blinds and 
made familiar with tops, &c. Any horse can be 
broken to tops at tirst as well as other wagons, 



BREAKING AND HANDLING HORSES. 59 

and if you think there is a chance for him to try 
to run and want to get away, use foot rope at 
once and you'll never fail to conquer your animal. 

Morses are fearful of falling in a hole, or being 
deprived of the use of their legs, so when you 
pull his fi'ont legs andde]>rive him of all strength, 
the sudden relaxation soon makes him as docile 
as a lamb. 

In hitching up a young horse that is willing to 
pull, never allow him to start the entire load, but 
let the teamster always be careful; as when a 
young horse pulls too hard he is apt to cause 
trouble and ruin himself by causing spavin, 
rupture of wind, blind staggers and a great many 
other troubles. 




To Drioe a Horse With Galoanic 

Battery. 

Tjiko aii> ordinnry battery, (ict copper wires 
lon^ en(>n«»,h to run IVom \vai»'oii to the hjiriiess 
sa(l(lU\ IMaci^ a co|)]km' plate two inches S(pia.re 
under the saddle, then lurn tlie battery on. The 
horse will show all kinds of motions, but will soon 
want to leave tlie s[>ot. lie niay go oidy a short 
distance and stop a^ain, when repeat and start as 
before. He will soon dislike this as much as the 
stinu: of a be(^ and will be willin;ii' to start. The 
battery may also be incased in leather and put 
between the knee and ankle of tront leg'. I have 
used this for many years with success on young 
and old horses that would positively refuse to 
leave the stable with a light sulky. 



HotD to Drioe a Horse. 

TIh5 Wiishin^toii Tost of tin; 17th instjiut con- 
tjiiiis a colmim uiticle on " how to drive a liorse," 
cm bracing- tlion^lits sn<^^cstc(l by tlio iatal acci- 
dent to (japt. Widdiconibe, of Wasliin<:4ton, and 
advanced by Dr. (\. \l. irollin^sworth, of tliis 
city. The Post says : "Dr. (J. H. lEollin^^swortb, 
a veterinary surgeon of Dagerstown, Md., one of 
the lirst uh\\\ to reacli tlic captain and care for 
him until tlu? (h)ctors arrived, is convinced that 
the acciik'nt was fatal in its termination owing to 
a defect in the bridle on tlie liorse that ran away. 
Such an accident may liappen to any one, and 
the observations and conchision (hawn by ]))•. 
Ilollingswortli are worthy of being remembered 
and heeded by every man in AVashington wlio 
owns a liorse or occasionally drives one." Doctor 
irollingsworth's advice is too lengthy i'or repro- 
duction at this time. His father was a horse 
breeder before and it has been a lifetime work 
with the doctor himself, so that he talks under- 
standingly on the subject. What he says is of 
much interest and should be read by every person 



43 WILL MAKE YOU $1,000. 



who drives a horse. — From Ha^erstown JEvening 
Glohe. 

The Washiugtoii Tost of a recent date con- 
tains the following interview with Dr. HoUings- 
worth : 

" The safety of human life often bangs upon a 
very small and apparently trivial affair. This is 
illustrated in the recent death of Capt. Widdi- 
combe. Dr. G. 11. ITollingswortb, a veterinary 
surgeon of Hagerstown, Md., one of the first men 
to reach the captain and care for him until the 
doctors arrived, is convinced that the accident 
was fatal in its termination owing to a defect in 
the bridle on the horse that ran away. Such an 
accident may happen to any one, and the obser- 
vations and conclusions drawn by Dr. Hollings- 
worth are Avorthy of being remembered and heeded 
by every man in AVashington who owns a horse 
or occasionally drives one. 

"Immediately after the body of Capt. Widdi- 
combe was removed the doctor examined the 
harness and bridle, and found that the bridle had 
no kimble-bit, and therein lay the secret of the 
inability of the driver to control in any manner 
the movements of his horse. In this case the 
kimble was fastened in the ordinary or regular 
driving bit, when there should have been a kimble- 
bit fastened to it. So when Capt. Widdicombe's 
horse began to run, and the driver pulled upon 
the lines, he simply pulled against the horse's 



HOW TO DRIVE A HORSE. 4^^ 



uose, and not on his mouth. In fact a halter 
would have been as serviceable as the bridle that 
Avas on that runaway horse. The kimble-bit, said 
Dr. Hollingsworth, holds the horse's head up; 
and when it is properly applied the driver has 
perfect control of his horse, and can guide him, 
or jerk him off his feet even if he is running 
away. Of course, a horse can be driven by a 
halter, and this bridle was all right so long as the 
animal did not frighten. 

Speaking of kimbles in general, the doctor said 
they were now largely in use. They can be cut 
of flat leather, and three of them can be made 
while a harnessmaker is making one side rein. 
They should be a part of every bridle. 

"Before a driver gets into a vehicle of any 
sort," says Dr. Hollingsworth, " he should inspect 
his harness, see that it is all right, and that his 
animal is properly hitched. Kimbles are useful 
in many ways, and are essential. It is almost 
impossible for a horse to kick enough to do any 
damage with this little thing in use. To kick 
with great force he must get his head down, and 
if you'll notice you will see that a runaway horse 
always gets his head down against his breast. 
AVithout a kimble on he could get his head down 
there and you could no more have any effect 
upon him by pulling on the line than if you had 
the lines around his shoulder. It would be 
physically impossible to open his mouth. Yes, 



44 WILL MAKE YOU $1,000. 

indeed, side reins and kimbles are indispensable. 
A horse should not be reined up so as to torture 
him, any more tlian a man wouhl wear an uncom- 
fortably high collar. But he should be drawn up 
to his natural carriage. Without a rein it is an 
easy matter for a horse to get his foot over the 
line, or get the line over the shaft while you are 
talking, and then if he should be frightened he 
has you at his mercy, and a runaway horse is 
merciless. Suppose you stop your animal and he 
has no rein onV The tirst thing he does is to 
stretch his head out and take it easy. B}^ doing 
so he gets two or three feet of slack line. Sup- 
pose now he frightens and jumps? Before you 
can grab the lines and recover the slack he has 
six or eight feet start and every advantage. 

"A horse that once runs otf with his driver 
behind him like this one did may be set down as 
a dangerous animal. He seldom gets over the 
fright, and I'll venture j^ou can't get that horse 
near a buggy now. If he runs off without any 
one being in the buggy, the case is different; but 
when his driver is with him and he feels the tug 
at the lines and knows he has the best of it, the 
chances are that he will do it again at the first 
opportunity. 

*' It is absolutely necessary for a man to know 
the disposition of his horse, and my advice to a 
probable buyer would be to never purchase a 
horse until it had been thorous^hlv tested bv an 



HOW TO HANDLE A HORSK. 45 



experienced horseman. You can't tell a near- 
sighted horse by his eye, but you can by his 
actions, and a near-sighted horse will frighten 
and shy at the same object day after day and 
you can't break liim from it. The reason is 
obvious; he doesn't see it until he gets on it, and 
is naturally scared. Horses have nerves the 
same as men, and some of them are nervous, so 
that it is impossible to break them so they will 
not frighten at certain objects. I have known 
animals who trembled and shook at the sound 
of escaping steam and would fly from it in blind 
terror. They couldn't help it. They were nerv- 
ous and born that way. This nervousness is seen 
in some high-bred speed horses. They can make 
excellent time in [jrivate or on a track alone, but 
the moment they encounter the excitement and 
company of the race they go to i)ieces. 

"The disposition of a horse should also be 
studied. A high-spirited horse is never a steady 
worker. He either wants to do all the work or 
w'on't do any of it, and turns to balking. 

" But, after all," said Dr. Hollingsworth, " horses 
are not naturally bad. They are the most do- 
mestic of animals and the most petted. It is bad 
drivers who make them bad. Men who drive 
horses should remember this one thing: A horse 
never stops to plan anything. All that he does 
he does on the imjmlse, quick as a flash. His 



46 WILL MAKE YOU $L000. 

bniiii cannot grasp two things at once, and when 
you see him doing something he ought not to do, 
divert his attention from it. The horse forgets it 
instantly. He can't pay attention to his driver 
and be about the business of getting frightened, 
and he knows when he has a friend and a master 
behind him, too. A nervous man always makes 
a horse nervous, and of the two the animal gen- 
erally gets the best of it. Suppose you are out 
driving, with a bridle properly equipped, with a 
kimble-bit, as you ought to have, and the horse 
begins to act badly. How frequently we have 
seen drivers ' churn ' with the lines and keep see- 
sawing and crying ' whoa, whoa, w^hoa,' after a 
nervous fashion. The horse recognizes that kind 
of a driver. A good horseman never says * whoa ' 
unless he means for his horse to stop. The 
I>roper way to do when your horse gets the better 
ot you is to jirk him violently with the right line, 
then jirk him back with the left, accompanying 
it with a sharp 'steady, Dick,' and my word for it 
that beast will steady down and go about his 
business. With the proper kind of a bridle a man 
ought to be able to pull his horses' head around 
to his side and tangle his legs up so that he 
would fall if such was necessary to stop the speed 
of the animal. Kow, Capt. Widdicombe 1 saw 
drop one line and grab the right with both hands 
in attempting to turn his horse, but he could not 



HOW TO DRIVE A HOR.^B. 47 



move him, for the reason that he had no control 
of his mouth at all. 

"When a horse shies, nine men out of ten, 
when they get by the object at which the animal 
frightened, say, 'I'll give you shy enough,' and 
lay on with the whip. They only ruin the horse's 
disposition. The moment he was past the object 
that frightened him he was all right again, and 
he does not know why he is being whipped. The 
time to use the whip is to touch him with it lightly 
when he shies, speak to him, and let him know 
he has a friend behind him. Give him confidence 
in you. 

"There is one thing I would like to impreSvS 
upon every man who owns a horse, and that is 
this: If he owns a horse in which he has not the 
utmost confidence, and behind which he does not 
feel perfectly safe, dispose of him. He will make 
an excellent horse for some one else, but not for 
the owner. If the driver is nervous the horse 
knows it, and the driver takes risks that he ought 
not to take." 

Dr. HoUingsworth's father was a horse breeder 
before, and it has been a lifetime work with the 
doctor himself, so that he talks understandingly 
on the subject. What he says is of much interest 
and doubly so just at this time, when the death 
of Capt. Widdicombe is fresh in the public mind. 




I'iie above cut shows position of getting ready 
to throw a horse. Having his h^g pulled up, 
take the rope over his back and hohl fast on the 
top of his w^eathers. When you arc ready for 
the tilt, i)un his head to you, keeping it close to 



HOW TO DRIVE A HORSE. 49 

his side. If he works you much, put the rein 
from liis mouth through one ring on your sur- 
cingle. This will hold him. Now woik to throw 
him, keeping your elbow pushing in his side. If 
he does not come down at once, the better for 
him, and when he does go down he won't feel so 
strong. Pull his head back to his body as shown 
in illustration and by holding his head close to his 
side, no horse can get up, and he can kick and 
use his legs all he wants, but all in vain. You 
can now show him a good time with all the noise 
you wish. To make him familiar, use curry 
comb, brush, etc., on him. Keep him down until 
you can let his head go and he will still lie down 
and 5'ou can curry, etc. 




Hancock Biting. 



The above cut will show the vicious bitin*;' 
stallion Hancock. This stallion was very hard 
to bridle and would shake yon whenever he could, 
as a dog would a rat. 

I bought this animal for five hundred dollars, 
when no one could handle him without great 
danger. I bought him in Washington, D. C, 
from a comi)any, and on my way home he came 



HANCOCK BITINft. 51 

near killing a colored man at Eockville, Mary- 
land. 

I fixed lum in a box stall for dinner and fed 
bim at tbat time. No one was at tbe stable at 
tbat time, it being Sunday. Tbe colored man 
in cbarge of tbe stable bad stei)i)ed away so a 
friend wbo was witb me belped to put tbe teams 
away, be also driving. On coming out to get 
ready to continue our journey, tbe bostler saw 
us coming before we saw bim, so be ran to get 
tbe teams ready, and on going tbrougb tbe yard 
we stopped and began a little talk witb tbe botel 
man, wben all at once we beard loud screams and 
I suspecting sometbing wrong, ran to tbe stable. 
Tbe first tbing tbat greeted my sigbt was tbe 
stallion bolding and sbaking tbe bostler, baving 
caugbt bim in tbe breast. He wore a full suit of 
gray clotb, country-made, and strong. I saw I 
must do sometbing at once. Tbey fed baled bay 
and many sticks lay around tbe door. I grabbed 
u[) one of tbese sticks and gave tbe borse a blow 
over tbe rigbt ear, almost bringing bim to tbe 
ground, tbis making bim drop tbe man, wbo was 
out of breatb. I sball never forget bis looks. 
He weigbed, I suppose, one bundred and sevent^^- 
five pounds, and a i)ure-bred negro, black as ever 
I saw\ If ever I saw black turn to wbite tbis was 
tbe time. His clotbes were torn and be was 
bruised, but notbing serious. I said to bim are 



53 WILL MAKE YOU $1,000. 



you hurt? He replied, "Oh! boss, 1 am ahiiost 
killed; that is an awful horse, I did nothing to 
him." 

The halter was off, no bridle on him and I was 
in a queer fix to know how to get into and get 
the bridle on him and start. So, not waiting a 
minute, while he had not fully gotten over the 
lick I gave him, I entered the stall and slipped 
the halter over his head, then fastened his head 
down close to the manger and bridled him and 
left. I was delighted no blood had been spilled 
and the only damage was to the man's clothing. 
I gave him one dollar to replace the stitches. 

After I got the horse home I conunenced work- 
ing on him. At first I had much trouble Avith 
him to subdue him, but did it nicely, and even 
learned him many tricks, to kneel down, whether 
you would tell him in harness or out of it. 

While I was training him, I had my old hand 
that had been with me seven years, a colored 
man, and I had him to pass his hand through his 
mouth, etc., to get him familiar with him. This 
man took charge of him and in the four years the 
horse never bit him. 

I was shipping horses at the time and went to 
the city and was gone some three weeks. When 
I returned I took him out one day to show him to 
some friends. He had forgotten me and, while 
he stood in front of me, the notion took him in a 
flash and he jumped at me, took hold and began 



HANCOCK BITING. 53 

shaking. I had the butt end of a whip in my 
hand and I gave it to him whenever I couhl get 
a lick in. Finally, his hold broke and T was 
covered with blood. 

I w^as laid up for some time, but the minute J 
was able, I put liini through the school, you can 
bet, and after I had given hinj several lessons I 
never had a better friend. I stood him si)ring 
and fall and he Avas always handsome, and could 
tiot a mile any day in two minutes fifty seconds. 

I sold him one year ago to a company for nine 
hundred dollars. They have done splendidly 
Avith him and are more than pleased with him 
and handle and drive him nicely, and have visited 
here trying to buy some of his colts. He weighed 
twelve hundred pounds, was sixteen hands high, 
fine tail, and mane, and chestnut, with no white. 

The way I trained this stallion Avas with kind- 
ness and i)ostiveness. 1 took gun powder when 
1 went into his stall, placed it in an ohl piece of 
leather fastened to my sleeve. 1 went just tar 
enough to let him come to the length of his chain, 
so if a little closer he would grab. When he Avas 
trying to take hold, my man handed me a lighted 
match. The blaze was out just as he was nibbling 
at my sleeve. 1 dropped it in the powder; oh, 
how he jumped from it. The smoke tlcAV in his 
face. He thought he did it by biting. I then 



54 WILL MAKE YOU $1,000. 

tried to get him to take hold; but no, he smelt 
the powder on my clothes and disliked it. 

We used a pair of old gloves rubbed Avith brim- 
stone, which he hated, and never wanted to tnke 
hold of to bite. 

I then gave him lessons with the war bridle and 
soon had him my family horse and drove nothing 
else when I took them out for a drive, and all 
became very much attached to him. | 

1 also used afoot roi)e on him to make him 
feel his streiigth was weak. 

Stallions on the stand should have exercise 
every day and be fed solid food, oats and corn 
mixed. 



Hancock Under Saddle. 




The above cut shows the chestnut stallion 
*' Hancock" in the great democratic rally over 
Grover Cleveland, ridden by the chief marshall. 
ITe was the center of attraction. Thousands 
took [)arton horse hack, w«Tgons, etc. 



Shoeing Horses. 



Having had tbe oi)i)ortnnity for twenty years, 
liaviiiiir liiuHlreds of horses shod yearly, and in 
many large eities, I shall say at this point I shall 
n ot abuse the blacksmith and will give my reasons 
for so doing. 

I have heard many lectures by so-called pro- 
fessionals, in which the smith was the center of 
attraction. It is va ell understood that in every 
town and county you have men dealing in horses. 
It is their interest to see that their horses are 
shod properly for the market. If he is a livery 
man and, in this enlightened day, reading different 
papers and horse journals, he is prepared when 
he goes to the shoj) and chances to meet a smith 
who understands working in iron and ready to 
be taught, providing he does not know. The 
smith, if he cannot read a word, soon learns from 
this class of men to shoe horses, for surely there 
is enough of them in the country, that no smith 
will be missed. • 

Its the farmer and the owner of horses who 
neii'lect tlieir feet as a rule, "allowing shoes to 



SHOEING HORSES. 



57 



stay on too long. Horses stand on board floors 
without any api)liances to their feet until they 
become dry and hard. They are then taken out 
and driven with long feet, i)Ossibly thrush in the 
feet. Horses then get sore in the feet and com- 
mence to contract at the heel. 

The owner should not think that his labor is 
not needed with the smith in keeping feet in 
good shape. You may have a good laundry to 
which to take your socks. They may be ever so 




HOLDING A HORSE WHILE DOWN. 

clean, but unless you wash your feet and keep 

them clean the socks will not keep out the smell. 

After driving a horse on a hard road or a track, 

his feet shouJtl be stuffed vrith clay or flax-seed 



58 WILL MAKE YOU $1,000. 

meal, wlieu tlie oil has not been abstracted, or 
cow-dung-. Tbere can be no excuse offered for 
negligence, for surely one out of the three can be 
had. 

Some horses have very sensitive feet, like 
people. Some re(iuire much more attention than 
others. While some horses will hold a shoe until 
entirely worn out, others having a thin shell will 
be the op[)osite. In this case very light shoes 
should be used and, in fact, horses should be shod 
accordingly. 

Hind shoes should never be used for front feet. 
Many farmers buy them because they get more 
shoes. You cannot level a hind shoe to tit 
j)ro])erly on the front foot, especially if the horse 
is inclined to be Hat-footed. 

Never use nails any larger than possil^le. 
Never rasp above the nails nor burn a horse's 
foot, only to ascertain where the uneven places 
are to be gotten level. 

I shall not enter into fancy shoeing, for surely 
the trackmen and experts are all up to this 
matter. 

Many farmers had better kee[) shoes from their 
horses' feet whenever they can, while doing farm 
work, for it is far better than to allow shoes 
to stay on too long. AVhere the feet get v^^ry 
long, I have seen cases of ring bone, toe turning 
up put in great strain. 

Never trim or pare out the bars or cut the frog. 



SHOEING HORSES. 59 



for you take ont the cnsbioii, its exi)ander, and 
allows the heel to contract. 

Always shoe front i'eet naturally, with flat 
shoe, so the foot will come down squarely and the 
tendons will not be strained. 

Always examine your horse more closely in 
town than country for nails that he may chance 
to pick up. 



Breathing. 



A developed, healthy horse will take one in- 
spiration to three of the pulse beats. When he 
breathes frequently or slower, and when irregular 
or difticult and laborious, there is one of three 
diseases. 

Although horses heated from being driven or 
close stable when hot or when exposed to sum- 
mer sun, the i)ulse and breathing" valve quick- 
ens by the heat; on removing him to a cool 
])lace will soon abate, and he may be examined, 
and if from heat, breathino will subside. 



'?:> 



Pulse. 

The pulse of a horse is felt on the inner angle 
of the lower jaw, the most convenient place to 
feel. It it also important to watch his eye winle 
taking the pulse. 

The state of the i)ulse tells the condition of the 
heart, whether the disease is of a higher or im- 



60 WILL MAKE YOU |1,000. 

pressed character or whether sickuess is present. 
If the horse is standing still and his pulse beats 
tifty-three or more in a minute, he has fever. 
When pressing on an artery and you feel it 
empty, or feeble, soft, he has weak pulse. When 
it feels hard when pressing the finger and when 
it beats two rapid beats at once, this may be 
termed a double pulse. In fever the pulse" may 
change and get higher, generally at noon. 



Temperature. 



The temperature of a healthy horse is about 
one hundred degrees fahrenheit. Hot weather 
increases temperature; cold weather, the reverse. 
Mares higher temperature than horses. Young- 
horses, high life, good condition, temperature is 
higher than an old horse, unless the old horse is 
a strong feeder and digestion is good. 

The most convenient wa^^ to take the tempera- 
ture is to introduce a thermometer into rectum. 
Every man who owns stock should always keep 
a thermometer. It can be had tln'ough any drug- 
gist or any one dealing in surgical instruments. 
The self-registering thermometer is the best. It 
should remain far in the rectum, onlj' leaving 
room to take a hold to take it out. Leave it in five 
minutes. Be sure that the mercury is below the 
temperature mark before inserting it. 



HORSES FOOD. 61 



Horses' Food. 

Horses are usually fed three times daily, 
namely, in the morning, at mid-day and at night. 

It is not possible to state the exact quantity of 
food a horse requires to keei) him in good work- 
ing condition. 

In all cases the horse himself tells whether he 
is getting too much or too little. 

The best feed for ordinary road horses is oats. 
Ten pounds of hay is a fair allowance; fast woik- 
ing horses, from 15 to 20 pounds of hay; draft 
horses, one-third of the hay may be given during 
the day, the balance at night. 

Horses differ very much in the ((uantity of hay 
they may eat without inconvenience; in fact, 
they vary so much in size, age, breeding temper, 
condition and labor they are called upon to 
perform, that it is impossible to lix upon any 
specific rules for feeding them. 

Oats should be bruised for an old horse, but 
not for a young one, because the former, through 
age and defective teeth, cannot chew oats prop- 
erly; the young horse can do so, and it is thus 
properly mixed with the saliva and turned^ into 
whol esom e n utri men t. 

Carrots given occasionally will give a line, 
silky appearance to the coat, and experiments 
have shown that the best way to feed carrots is 
to give them with oats. If you are in the habit 



62 WILL MAKE YOU |1,000. 

of feeding fonr quarts of oats to a mess, give two 
of oats and two of sliced carrots, and the result 
will be more satisfactory than if each were fed 
separately. 

Youalt writes of the carrot: " This root is held 
in much esteem. There is none better, or i)er- 
haps as good. When tirst given it is slightly 
diuretic and laxative, but as the horse becomes 
accustomed to it, the effects ceased to be pro- 
duced. They improve the state of the skin. 
They form a good substitute for grass, and an 
excellent alterative for horses out of condition. 
To sick and idle horses they render grain un- 
necessary. They are beneficial in all chronic 
diseases connected with breathing, and have a 
marked influence ui)on chronic cough and broken 
wind. They are serviceable in diseases of the 
skin, and, in combination with oats, they restore 
a worn horse more than oats alone." 

It is also advantageous to cho[> hay fed to a 
horse, and to sprinkle the hay with water that has 
salt dissolved in it — a teas])oonful of salt to a 
bucket of water is sufficient. 

Eack feeding is wasteful. The better plan is 
to feed with hay chopped from a manger; because 
the food is not then thrown about and is more 
easy to chew and digest. 

Vetches and cut grass should always be given 
in the spring to horses that cannot be turned out 
in the fields, because they are very cool and re- 



HORSES FOOD. 63 



fresliing- and almost medicinal in their eftects; 
but tliey must be supplied in moderation, as they 
are liable to ferment in the stomach, if given 
largely. 

As often as once a week a change of food 
should be made— one feed of cut hay and meal, 
or cut hny with shorts will do. 

Musty hay on no account should be fed to 
horses. Let the food be the best of its kind, for 
in the end it is the cheapest. 

Water for Horses. 

Horses all prefer soft water. They would 
rather drink from old i)onds, and push the green 
aside that floats on the ponds, and when they are 
used to ])ond water it takes days to get them used 
to drinking clear, running water that is hard. 

Horses properly should be watered three times 
a day. In warm weather they should be watered 
the last thing at night, as late as 9 or 10 o'clock. 
Horses should be watered in the morning before 
they get their breakfast. 

A horse thirsty never enjoys his dry fee<l, and 
is not so apt to suffer from colic. If after a 
hearty meal a horse takes too much Avater into 
his stomach, it may cause sickness. 

Persons should never water horses while hot. 
He had better suffer on the road for an hour or so 
rather than water him out of a well or spring 
until you can stop and let him cool out thoroughly, 



CA WILL MAKE YOU |1,000. 



and even then lie slionld not be allowed to drink 
without intennission. Have him to take his head 
from the bueket and breathe several times between 
swallows. 

Loss of Hair. 

To i)romote the growing of hair, where the skin 
has been deadened by bruises or rubbing-, take of 
quinine 8 grs., finely powdered; galls, 10 grs.; 
powdered eapsieum, 5 grs.; oil of almonds and 
eosmoline, of each 1 oz.; oil of lavender, 20 droi)S; 
mix thoroughly and a])ply a small quantity to the 
denuded ])arts 2 or 3 times a week. Where there 
is falling out of the hair of the mane and tail 
take glyeerine 2 oz.; suli)hur, 1 oz.; acetate of 
lead, 2 drs.; water, 8 oz., to be well mixed and 
applied by means of a si>onge. 

Halter Pulling. 

Take a ro])e half inch thick, 20 feet long, tie a 
slip knot in it and put it over his loins and rnn it 
through the loop under his belly; bring it through 
his fore legs, up through the halter and tie it to 
the manger, and when he flies back it tightens in 
his flanks and will cause him to stop the habit. 

Nothing in Cheap Colts. 

Five years from this time the man who raises 
common and half-scrub hors(\s for market is 
going to complain that there is no sale for horses. 



CHEAP COLTS. 65 



flis iieigbbor who used only choice brood marcs 
and chooses the sires with good judgment will 
continue to hnd some proht in the business. 

Horses are declining- iu price now, as was to be 
expected from the excessive breeding ofthe last six 
or eight^'ears, and rough stock has to seek buyers. 
This state of affairs will doubtless grow some 
worse, but first-class horses are always wanted. 

Buyers will not look at low grade stock when 
choice can be had at reasonable prices. 

The depression in cattle led many farmers to 
raise colts instead, and they have sold some 
ordinary young horses at good figures, but they 
will do Avell to study the subject and see if there 
is any hope of sure profit, for a few years at least, 
from breeding rough and little mares any longer. 

It is a safe rule to breed only the be^t of any 
kind of stock. 

Time to Castrate. 

Any time when the weather is warm and the 
blood in good condition. Never castrate after 
being sick until perfectly well. 

After stock have been on grass and all fever 
has been cleansed from the blood, is a very ex- 
cellent time. 

If flies are bad, carbolic acid and vaseline or 
lard and gum camphor melted together, and 



66 WILL MAKE YOU $1,000. 

grease well. Take three ounces cami)lior and of 
lard eight ounces. 

I recommend the ecraseur and every breeder 
of stock should have one and use on his old 
stock; old boars or hulls as well as horses. 
Above all, keep the instrument at all times ]>er- 
fectly clean. Use tooth brush to clean the chain, 
taking' it ai)art, and in using tlie ecraseur never 
be in a hurry and twist the chain fiist; slow and 
easy will be lound best. Cleanse chain with 
carbolic acid. 

Castration Ridglings. 

One or both testicles that have failed to come 
into scrotum. This.nnist be done by one who 
has special skill with the parts. Some men are 
especially adapted to ])erfbrm the o[)eration, 
having a long, slim hand and can enter through 
much smaller channel and leaving small space to 
hefil. If instrument and hand should first undergo 
and aseptic, you take but little risk in having- 
the work done and can sell the horse for a hig^her 
])rice. 

Caution in Feeding Colts Grain. 

Mares with colts soon learn them to eat grain 
and some colts are great feeders and should be 
watched. 

Foals will begin to eat grain at a very early 



FEEDISTG COLTS (3^RAIN. 67 

age. They leaiii it from theii' mothers, but the 
latter are sometimes so greedy and seltish as to 
drive their offsprings from the manger, more 
especially as the foals grow up. 

The inclination which the yoiini»- jinimal evinces 
for grain should be fostered by every practicable 
means, especially when it has attained the age of 
two or three months. 

If the dam is resolutely oj>i)osed to this measure, 
it will be desirable that she should be tied up, or 
secured at a distance from the manger, till her 
foal has partaken of as much grain as he is in- 
clined to eat, and this should be oats and bran 
and not then allowed to be a glutton. <^ 

Rupture in Colts. 

For this disease or trouble with ('olts, I would 
refer my reader to the instructions on "Kupture 
in Calves," as found under the heading of cattle. 

HouD to Understand Diseases off 

Horses. 

I am «(> often asked how do you tell the ail- 
ments of horses and different disease? 

I ean tell you in few words. A shut mouth 
tells no lies. Nobody is deceived. Nature has 
l>rovided in its great [)ower, weights and measure 
that can be used if only you look for them and 
keep company with a sick animal. 



08 WILL MAKE YOU $1,000. 

If a horse should bruise his heel, he will set his 
foot out. If injured behind, he will show it by 
resting his leg, etc. If unwell, stopi>age of water 
or bowels. He will give you to understand very 
([uickly as w^ell as other diseases, although many 
persons go astray and listen to B. and C, and 
give many things they should not give and mis- 
take the ailments of the horse. Every man will 
have Mm different. Many think when a horse is 
suffering from some stomach trouble, he has over- 
(juantity of bots. This is all wrong. Never 
doctor a horse for the bots, as I shall describe 
hereafter. You will soon see your horse is suffer- 
ing kidneys, indigestion, colic. 

Its always well to ascertain what the horse has 
had to eat and when last watered. Sometimes 
the most simple remedy gives relief in helping 
nature to throw oft' disease. 

I do not believe in using many strong drugs, 
unless in heroic cases it is required. Then it 
should be done with forethought and give your 
medicine time to act. 

I shall give many valuable remedies, which 1 
have used, most of them with such results that I 
feel no hesitancy in asking the reader to use 
them. 

Horse flesh will decay much sooner than human 
flesh. Therefore, their organs are slower than 
man to get over a shock, and if paralyzed with 



DISEASES OF HORSES. 69 



strong drugs you may not expect good results. 

The skin of ii horse is very sensitive, you nuiy 
rub turpentine on your flesh and you do not 
mind it; put it on a horse and you wouhl think he 
was in great agony. You cannot make him stand 
as he will try in every way to relieve himself. 



Marcs Foaling. 



Farmers are more or less acquainted in this 
direction, keeping the time when service of the 
horse is performed and by the many signs patent 
to the eye such as milk running from the bag, 
flanks seem to fall, tinally the mare becomes 
uneasy when feeding awhile then whisking her 
tail. If sound and suple she may lie down until 
the pain has passed off when she will arise again 
and then again she may lie down, and with a 
little twitching and moving of the flanks the 
water will break; then the fore feet, with the nose, 
between the knees and a few more pains the 
colts comes. 

Some mares foal standing the whole time and 
may not take from 8 to 15 minutes. 

Colts coming too soon, before nature has pro- 
vided for them to come, is attended with more or 
less danger to the mare. Should the head get 
turned back and impossible for the colt to come, 
greasing your arm well after washing and clean- 
ing it to remove all poison that may be on the 



70 WILL MAKE YOU |1,00(). 

hands, as ^bands have always got poison insects 
on them that cannot be seen with the naked eye. 
These insects shouhl they be broken wliile in the 
mare will soon set np intlammation. 

Now insert your hand until you can reach the 
colt. Having" a snuiU cotton rope palmed in 
your hand, it head foremost, get both feet togethei 
and tie them. Then take the second rope; pnt 
it around the colt's jaw. If the parts become dry, 
use plenty of lard. When the mare has ])ain, 
draw on your ropes. Jf she is standing and is 
inclined to kick, put her in a narrow stall, place 
rails behind her that you may be safe in working 
with her. 

Should a mare be inclined to loose her colt 
coming before the time, put her in a cpiiet phice 
and give her opium, U drs. every two hours. 1 
])refer the opium as you do not excite the mare in 
giving it to her. If urgent case, give twice a day. 
in assisting a nuire foaling, use great judgment to 
get the colt in right position before you under- 
take to take it from her. 

Sometimes they have twins. You will be able 
to tell by the feet. If two are trying to come at 
onct?, take the one you think you can get best by 
using the rope and working the other back a 
little, when the other may come without any 
trouble. There are some dozen or more ways in 
which the colt nuiy get twisted, making it ditii- 



MARES FOALING. ' 71 

cnlt to foal and in these cases do not delay in 
gettino^ a man experienced to relieve the mare. 

Never allow horses to be hitched to a mare to 
take the colt from her. Have the colt taken in 
]>arts. 

Inflammation of the BotDels. 

Acute [)ain in the belly, no intervals of rest 
from pain, rolling, kicking, tramping abont, 
sweating and breathing fast with great fever and 
seems much excited. 

Some have mistaken the disease for colic. In 
colic there may be times of ease from j)ain, but 
never in this disease. It arises from exposure to 
cold, drinking cold water in great (piantities 
when hot being very costive, diarrhoea or pois- 
oned drugs administered into the stomach. 

Relieve the animal of the pain lirst. Give 
tincture of aconite root, 30 drs.; repeat in two 
hours. Tie blankets dipped in boiling water, 
wring out quickly and apply to the belly while 
hot. Do so every fifteen to thirty minutes, use 
injections — hot water, soap, castile, fine salt, 2 
tablespoonsful every half hour; to be kept up 
while there is enough strength in the animal. 

Never give purgatives, for you cannot wait on 
delays. Take no blood from the horse. 

Old Sores. 

When thev are slow in healing take butter of 



WILL MAKE YOU |1,000. 



antimony, wash and cleanse tlie sore and take a 
little mop and touch the sore nicely with the 
butter of antimony. Then use corrosive lini- 
ment once a day for tive days. Then grease 
with gum camphor, 4 oz.; hog's lard, 8 oz. 

This ointment will be good for horses rubbed 
or chafed by harness and good to dry up the 
milk of all animals by rubbing their bags. 

Burns. 

Protect immediately from the air bv layers of 
cotton or wool and pour on carron oil, zinc, oxide, 
12 parts, vaseline or glycerine and water. 

For foul discharge touch the places with corro- 
sive liniment. Also use lime liniment. I Avould 
recommerid last-named liniment to the former. 

To Soften Horses' Feet. 

Fish oil one pint; lard, one ])int. 

To Grow the Hoofs. 

Take salt petre and put in little round sacks 
made out of thin muslin, till until they are round 
and tight, with strings to tie at each end; then 
put water on his legs, so the bags will get wet 
and run little by little over the hoofs. Use when 
in the stable. 

The Bots. 

Of the worms which inhabit the body of a horse 



THE BOTH. 



the Olio that seems to be tlie eentei' of iittrac- 
tion is the bot. 

Many owners of horses are niisUMl. Tlie (irst 
impression on seein<>- a horse witli some stomaeli 
trouble is tliat he lias the bots. I^his they tiy to 
relieve, when, in f'net, anythin<;- that would (h;- 
stroy the bot, would kill th(^. horse. 

I shall not pass this matter hurriedly, so many 
difterino- on the subject. I have*, noticed closely 
and write from observation. 

Tlie gad fly lays his eggs during t^ie summer 
months on the horse's front legs and in fact can 
deposit them all over the body. Now the pest 
fly commences to bite the legs of the horse, and 
in rubbing and licking his legs, these little 
yellow eggs or nits get into his mouth and are 
taken into the stomach. There they grow from 
ten to twelve month*. I1ien they pass from 
the horse in his dung and in a short time are 
ready to fall into ranks with the old flies and com- 
mence their work. 

I believe them to be injuriou*, when they get 
in large quantities in the stomach, which they 
will do when horses are in pasture during the 
grazing season. 

Horses and colts Avill look badly in the hair 
and get thin and grow little until they get in 
pasture and begin to pass the bots. 

I have experimented by taking fish brine and 
washing coUvS' legs and killing the nits and pre- 



74 WILL MAKE YOU |1,000. 



venting their stomachs iVoni being loaded with 
the pests. The brine kills the nits. 

I consider it important to watch the matter 
and the owner will reap the reward in the devel- 
opment and health of his horses. 

Some seasons the bot tly seems to be worse 
than at other seasons. If yon notice your horses 
and colts look badly in the hair yon can only 
feed them nonrishing food. 

Chopi>ed feed is very good, and grow the bot 
nntil it passes from the animal. (lood feed will 
snstain the bot and he will not worry the horse. 
It may take a little more feed bnt the animal 
will grow right along and do nicely. 

The natnral history of the bot is blank in my 
mind, bnt is hereditary with the horse and it 
comes into the Avorld with him. The moment of 
foaling he has the little pest in his stomach 
much so as a horse live years old. 

He is found attached to the cuticle or insen- 
sible coating in the upper portion of the stomach 
not by his head, as is' [)roperly supposed, but- 
hanging by his tail. 

For a month he has a little orifice, no larger 
than the point of a cambric needle with which 
he feeds upon the stomach it can soften down 
into the chime. This tiny mouth he can close 
against substances that do not please his appetite. 



THE BOTS. 75 



Being- covered witli a scaly, hard coveiin<^, neither 
caustic or poison will o])erate. 

The grub worm, which has no rclationshii* 
whatever, is a light yellow woiin that is easily 
[)assed from the Inu'se and lives among parcels of 
food acd performs the same ottlceas worms do in 
children. When multii)lied in great nund)ers 
cause much uneasiness and irritation, but never 
cause death. 

I have opened and examined very many horses 
after death and it is sur[)rising to see how quickly 
a bot can Ixn-e a liole through the stomach. 

I believe in cases of lun<»- trouble and other 
diseases when a hoise does not lie down but 
stands to the last, that he never would lie down 
before he dies if it were not for the bot, being- 
sensitive of the rehixation of the stomach and 
afraid of falling or losing his hold. Jvee})S boring 
to retain it is what causes the pain Just before a 
horse dies and will cause him to lie down. 

I have o])ened horses when in line health that 
had been injured and killed instantly. I have 
oi>ened them ;in hour afterward and their 
stomachs looked like they had been shot at with 
a double l)arreled shot gun. 

r consider it important to wash all colts and 
horses' legs when brought in for the winter, if 
not done before with wash as prescribed. One 
season will convince you of the importance, in 
addition to good feeding. Should you have ahorse 



WILL MAKE YOU $1,000. 



look badly, sulphate of iron aud gentiu root, 3 drs. 
each mixed, makes 1 dose from once to twice a 
week, Sin the case may reciuire. 

Colic in Horses. 

This I shall not pass with one or more receipts 
l)ut shall give enough to satisfy the owner's 
retpiirements at home and abroad when some- 
thiuii' must come to his aid at once. 




spasmodic Colic. 

All at onvAi he sliukeii liiiiis(df, leaves his i'eed, 
paws, looks at lils Hanks, as ])oii»tin^ to the 
disease, stani[)s about and kieking- his l)ella»y with 
his hind h^gs and then seems a littUi easy when 
another spasm comes on and he will roll, get on 
liis back sometimes in trying (o relieve his agony. 
Drinking cold water when liot, and when used to 
water not so cold. 

Treatment — lirst give something to heat the 
stomach, whiskey or warm beer, one oz. of ground 
ginger. If not better in twenty minutes, give a 
drench, tincture of aconite, thirty drops, spirits of 
turpentine, one oz. one bottle of beer or ale. Give 
injections, warm water, castile soa}), liandfull of 
fine salt. Then walk him slowly, and to excite 
the bowels to action. See drenches. 

G. Washington's Colic Cure. 

George Washington's treatment for colic : 
Take chamber lye, one (piart, make hot, give all 
in one drench. 1 have used it and it is good. J 



WILL MAKK YOU |1,000. 



have saved several tine animals >vlieii nothing- 
else eonld be had. It' the urine is several hours' 
old the better. 

Constipation of The BotDels. 

Powdered aloes, one ounce; tincture acointe 
root, thirty drops; ehlorotbrni, half ounce; give in 
drench. Injections every hour, and aconite every 
four hours, until the ])ain lias passed away. 
Country receipe — horse dung, two quarts, ])our 
boiling water, three pints, and drench. 

Flatulent Colic. 

Pain is shockingly great, anil in a few hours 
the bowels soon distend with gas called wind. 
This seems to kill or paralyze the parvagus and 
nerve centers, and even the brain. 

You cannot nustake this colic, for the swelling 
at the flanks point direct cause. Indigestion of 
food fermentation sets in of carbonic acid gas. 
The horse and cow cannot belch wind from their 
stomach as man. 

Colic When From Home. 

Cure if from houie, and cannot get drugs, use 
chamber lye, as stated, only putting handful tine 
salt. If this cannot be had, give hog's lard, one 
pint warm, one and ahalf ounce spirits of tur- 



COLIC WHEN FROM HOME. 79 



pentine. Tf you cannot ^et tlie above, give one 
pint of tobacco juice strong. 

Drug's: Spirits of nitre two ounces, laudanum 
two oz., ginoer one ounce, peppermint one ounce, 
etlier two ounces, asafoetida one ounce; give in 
one i)int of castor oil. 

If not better in thirty minutes repeat. If very 
much swollen use mustard on the stomach, plas- 
tering it well in the hair, then cover with 
newspapers. This will hold tight and draw, mix 
with water, not vinegai'. 

All having tailed, don't delay in using your 
tracer and every man who keeps horses and 
cattle should have one. Measure an ecpial dist- 
ance from the haunch bone and the short rib and 
not too high upon the back. Force into dis- 
tended bowels. Leave the tube then stick and 
pull out the tracer. Leave tube remain ii' it be 
for six hours, until all has subsided; then ust^ 
sticking plaster over the wound. 



Pneumonia or Lung Feoer. 

Piieunioniji generally makes its appearance 
with a cliill. The animal's breathing- becomes 
rapid, he hangs his head, ref'nses to eat and lops 
his ears. Inserting the linger in the month it 
feels hot. Take the thermometer, i)lace it in the 
rectnm. The temperatnre will raise to lOo 
fahrenheit liigher. The pnlse is very frecpient, 
78 to KK), or more a minnte. There is nsnally a 
dry congh fi'om the beginning. In some cases 
little strings of blood may be seen in the nostrils; 
the nostrils are red; the legs are cold; the animal 
constipated and may be seen to pass mncns; the 
urine is scanty and a dark color. If the animal 
has no plurisy, has very little pain. If i>lnrisy 
accompany the disease, the horse will be restless, 
sore and show a good deal of distress in moving 
about. 

To test the case propeily i)ut the left hand flat 
against the horse's lungs, close the right hand, 
strike the other. The horse will groan and give 
way. 

When not familiar with the rej^piratory, place 



PNEUMONIA OR LUNG FEVER. 81 



your car to n sound horse than to the sick one. 
You will soon hear a crackling sound indicating 
grave trouble. When the ainmal grows worse, 
breathing nuich worse, flanks heave; with effort 
the animal kjoks wildly for help; as suffocation 
becomes more violent he staggers, but (piickly 
recovers, finally he lies down in the hope of 
relief; more difficult to breathe when down; he 
worries himself upon his feet again and frequently 
leans and stands against the stall luitil he grad- 
ually goes down. He finally dies of suffocation. 
A horse may live from ten to seventeen days 
after he gets sick. AVhen he commences to im- 
prove and eat and take notice, he will soon over- 
come the disease. The inflammation begins in the 
lower part and extends to the upper part of the 
lung. 

Bandage the horse as far up as possible on the 
legs. Take one pound of the best mustard, rub 
his sides and cover that with half newspaper, 
having rubbed the mustard in the hair well will 
hold the paper on securely. Do not think because 
this revives the horse that it will answer. In IrV 
hours take hot water, ferment the sides, apply 
again. If convenient to use a blanket di^jped in 
hot water and kept closely to his sides will also 
be good. If both lungs are eftected it may be a 
fatal case, the formation of abscess or gangren 
or mortificatiorj. 

Much depends on good nursing and good 



82 



WILL MAKE YOU |1,000. 



jiulfi^iiient. Give all the cold water he will drink, 
[>iittiiig' in each bucket of water 3 drs. of bicar- 
bonate of potassuini. Give (juinine in capsules 
also the carbonate. Do not mix the two together. 
Give separately every hour and a half. Some 
horses will drink sweet milk. Give from three 
to tive "fallons a da v. If the milk is not very 
]>ure add a dozen and a half eggs to the milk 
during the day, say four eggs each time. Try 
the horse on mashes, and in the winter when 
green food cannot be had, give corn fodder, and 
do not omit rubbing his k\gs several times a day 
until they are hot. Mortitication and gangrene 
of the lungs means the death of the horse. 




Strangles. 

This is jui infection contnieted from other 
animals, or may be from feedint;' or liitehin^ 
where a sick animal lias been. They have fever 
for several days before it shows a clear case. It 
is often taken for distemper at the beginnin<;. 

Young horses are most subject from three to 
live years old. Vov this leason you drive or ship 
them around at this age where they can contract 
it. They have it bur once, like children with 
mumps or measels. It seems to belong to the 
young animals as distemper, etc.; but ordy worse, 
and has often proven fatal if neglected, and may 
cause him to be heavy in the wind. 

Api)ly hot poultice to the neck and steam with 
hot water, and, if you can get it, use unslaked 
lime. Put sheet over his head and let him have 
the benetit of the steam. Flax seed meal, with 
little lard, makes good poultice. (^)uinine or 
aconite should also be given. If the breathing is 
hard, u«e nuistard on the sides to prevent any 
lung trouble. AVhen any large lump has made 
its appearance, it should be o])ened and let pus 



84 WILL MAKE YOU $1,000. 



out. Xever use strong* blisters in this ease and 
take good eare of him when he is getting over a 
bad ease that he does not take cohl for he will be 
like old i)^(^ph^ gettinfj over the grip — can be 
" asily set back.'' Feed good nourishing food 
Avhen able to eat, but feed all soft food while sick. 
Even soak his hay; give bran mash and fodder, 
is good to help kee[) his bowels in good shape. 




Weak or Inflamed Eyes. 

Nothing' bas been more trying' of kite years 
witb farmers tban weak eyed borses and so many 
percberon tind ball" l)reeds, 1 bave seen, b)se 
their eyes when young- at work. I have tried to 
solve the matter and Avill give some idens I have 
arrived at in the matter. 

First, they fatten very easily and, of eonrse, 
make plenty of blood. Most fjirmers who bave 
large borses keei) large eollars. Now, the colt 
does not 1111 tliem close, so a collar i)ad is used to 
keep the shoulder from the leather and make it 
lit better. This makes a nice tit, so close that 
the jugular vain is very much ])ressed, causing 
the blood to flow to the eye and acts just like a 
strap fastened around the neck when about to 
bleed. This strain of horses l)reak very easy and 
stay up in the collar with his fat neck, for all are 
fat, when they go to work as a rule, so Avith this 
pressure to inflame the eye and grain. 

I have drawn this idea from the fact I ha\'e 
seen many colts broken in Virginia where they 
had run to straw diuMu^ the winter and little 



86 WILL MAKK YOU |1,000. 



graiu and fodder broke in tlie spiing-, and bad no 
tronble like tbose raised in MaryUmd and Penn- 
sylvania. 

I wonld advise tbose wbo want to keep yoiin<>' 
animals ibr tbeir own use to not keep tbem fat 
when you use tbem lirst and second summer 
until tbey bave formed a neck for tbe collar and 
lost tbe siu'phis tiesb or colt neck Tbere are 
many ways to take care of a bad eye. Tbe most 
important is to learn wbat caused it, and tr> to 
assist nature in restoring- it. 

I bave used for weak eyes my eye Avasb, and if 
bad case put a seaton in l)ack of tbe eye six or 
seven incbes long* in tlie skin, running it along 
just wbere tbe cbeeks of tbe bridle would come 
if on bim, starting tbe seaton side of tbe bead, so 
it will be one incb above tbe eye and two incbes 
from tbe eye, so go by tbe bridle and you can 
nuike no mistake. 

Always examine for wbeat beards, splinters 
under tbe eye lids. Sweet cream is good for 
bruises, etc. (See eye wasb.) 



Scratches and Stoelled Legs. 

Tins is very common and keei>s man^^ a good 
horse out of market' When in this condition 
it commences witli <>Teat beat, ankle swellino, 
horse gets stiff and sometimes lame. Soon it 
breaks and gets very deep jnst under fetlocks. 

Give one and kalf pounds epsom salts, four 
drams aloes, then give oats scalded, one pait 
bran, two parts water. If in the country, feed 
fodder with mash. If the horse is very much 
down, give him good chop feed and good condi- 
tion powders, or arsenic four grains, with one 
and a half drams bicorbonate of soda. Once a 
day use wet linen bandages. To lub down the 
swelling use zinc ointment or vaseline, two 
ounces; sugar lead, one dram and a half; and 
carbolic acid, fifteen drops. AVash after exer- 
cising. 

Should he get dirt or sand about his feet, use 
castile soap and hot water. Put large handful 
coarse salt in water. fSee also, ointments for 
scratches.) 



Cut Eijelids or Warts. 

SliouUl be liave warts on or about bis lids, cut 
tbeui witli sbarp knife. First tbread a needle 
and pass it tbrougb tbe wart, tben pull tbe wart 
and cut out. If lids are cut or torn take them 
up and be sure you bave tbe ends come together 
nicely so they will not pucker, after they get 
well. If you take several ordinary pins and run 
them through the torn place and with a silk 
thread wrap around the pins like a tigure eight. 

Salve made of bog's lard, carbolic acid, will 
soon heal up, and the ointment should not be 
used if cut is close to the eye, that it might get 
into eye and cause him to rub and open tbe cut. 
Cold baths are good, or zinc ointment. 

Ring Bone. 

This is N ery serious when it takes bold of the 
horse, and should be treated before there are 
large deposit of bouey growth. 

Make an ointment one dram of the crystals 
with two ounces of vaseline rubbed in every day 



RING BONE. 89 



for six days. I would advise yon try last receipt, 
say Spanish tly blister, with iive grains of bini- 
odide mercury. Some persons do not like to 
have you use the fireiron on some pets. Then I 
use blisters, but of all for safe and speedy work, 
use fireiron and burn deep and as often as the 
case may require. 




Bone Spauin. 

Like ring boho, Jiiul treat the same. (See rinor 
bone.) 

Blood Spaoin and Throughpins. 

l^^aily stage use iodine and aconite root, equal 
part.". If not better in five days, use good blister. 
(See ointments.) 

Hcaces. 

This disease is indicated by a short, dull, spas- 
modic cough and a double jerking movement at 
the flank during expiration. 

If a horse suffering from this disease is allowed 
to distend his stomach at his ])leasure, with dry 
food entirely and then to drink cold water as 
much as he can hohl, he is nearly worthless. 
iUit if his food be moistened and be allowed to 
drink a moderate cpiantity at a time, the disease 
is much less troublesome. 

To remedy this complaint, use chopped feed 
aud long straw; no corn. In chopped feed give 



H RAVES. 91 

an ounce of jjowdered sulphate of iron, gentian 
and gin<>cr root, making three ounces in all. 
Give in feed. Tf he refuses to eat it in the feed, 
take one pint of warm water and give it to the 
horse for five days, then give five grs. of arsenic 
once in twenty-four hours; then, after a week's 
intermission, conmiencing as before will soon 
cure many cases. 

Give the animal feed iu small hulk. Take a 
whiskey barrel, i)ut in live pounds of tnr, stir it 
up with water, then fill the barrel to the to]». 
When the tar settles, the water gets clear, skim 
the toi) off and water the horse from the barrel. 
Rain water is best to fill the barrel. 




Hide Bound. 

'Vo lecriiit n hide-bound liorsc, give nitrate 
|)()tiissiji (or saltpetre) 4 o/.; crude antimony, 1 
oz.; suli)lun*, :1: of a pound. Nitrate of i)olassia 
and antimony should be iinely pulverized; then 
add tlie su]i)luu' and mix the whole well to<^"etlier. 
Dose — a, tablespoon ful of tliis nnxture in a bran 
mash (hiily. I^\M\negreek. 

Hool^ Bound. 

(;ut down several lines from the eoronet to 
the- toe, all around the hoof, and till the cuts 
with tallow and soa]) mixed; take otV the shoes 
and if yon can spare him, turn the animal into a 
wet meadow where his feet will be kept moist. 
Never remove the sole nor burn the lines down, 
as this increases instead of diminishes the evil. 

Hoofi Quarter Cracked. 

JMjiny ])lans have been devised by Avhich to 
heal a (piarter crack, such as scoring- with a knife, 
blisterin«j;-, cuttinij; with a sharp, hot iron, riveting- 



HOOF QUARTER CRACK KI>. 93 



and tlie like, all of whicJi in many eases have 
proved a failure. Jf the followiiijj: dii'cetions are 
r(>lh>\ved, the fore fe(*t will ]Ht sound in tlu'ee 
months. 

Al)Ove the eraek an<l next to tlie hair, eut with 
your knife an ineision one-Iialf incli long- eross- 
wise of tlie eraek, and ahout one-fourtli ineli (ke]). 
Now from the ineision (haw a line one-fourth 
ineh eaeh si(h.*, parallel with the eraek. '^J'Ikmi lay 
as mueh gun j)owdei- in the eraek as it will hold 
and toueh with a hot poker. This will harden the 
hoof and eause it to round out very fast; shoe 
witl] a bar slioe; keep Ins feet well greased with 
eosmoline, greasin**- an ineh above t\nt hair so it 
will take some time to run down o\'er the hoof. 



Thrush. 

This is a discharge of very offensive luatter 
from the cleft of the fro^-. It is iiitlainination 
of the lower surface of the sensible frog- and 
during' which jnis is secreted together, with or 
instead of horn. In its treatment almost any 
astringent substance will check thrush in its 
earlv staae. Corrosive liniment sure cure. 



-f^' 



Stoppage of Urine. 

Symptoms: Frequent attempts to urinate, 
looking around at his sides, lying down, rolling 
and stretching. 

Sweet spirits of nitre, two oz., in a half pint of 
w^arm water. If not relieved in an hour, half 
dose. Home remedy: Watermelon seed, half a 
tea cup, boiled in a half pint of water strained 
and give w^arm. Hot coffee, 1 pint, turpentine, 1 
oz., for ten days teaspoonful saltpetre once a day 
in feed. In giving the nitre, take a peck of 
brand, pour boiling water over it, put in a bag 
and place on his loins. 



NAIL IN THE FOOT. 95 

Nail in the Foot. 

A nail in ii horse's foot or auy sharp iustru- 
ineiit that may i)enetrate is liable to cause great 
trouble, especially if punctured near the center 
of the foot. Nothing- will be found better than 
to have the hole opened up so any blood or pus 
can come out. 

i\}>ply corrosive liniment; dry it in with a hot 
iron, and be sure that you hold the foot up and 
have the hole so open that the liniment will 
reach the bottom. Take some cotton bat, i)ut in 
the hole; pour on some more liniment and stuff 
the foot with flax-seed meal. Dress the foot 
each day, taking out the cotton and using the 
liniment as before. With this treatment I never 
lost a horse in my life by lock-jaw. Never put off 
the treatment one hour after discovering the 
wound. 

Bleeding. 

Bleeding horses seems to be one of the things 
of the past. Physicians have done away with 
bleeding, believing it to ^\eaken the system and 
vital enemies. I do not care to dispute or say 
anything in the matter as regards human beings 
for in treating them there is a vast difference in 
treating horses. I do not believe that a small 
quantity of blood taken from a horse in case of 
being effected by heat, inflammation of the 



96 WILL MAKE YOU $1,000. 



bowels would not be injurious. The amount of 
blood to be taken at any one time will depend 
how long the disease has been runnino-. 

Founder makes the blood very black and should 
be kei)t running until color changes to a pretty 
red. The ])roper place to bleed is in the neck 
vein or jugular. x\fter the strap is juit on the 
vein will swell, then put your lance tw^o inches 
and alialf down the neck, where the two branches 
of the vessels unite. Put j'our lance lengthwise 
with the vein. If spring lance, thin neck horse, 
set your lance so it will not cut through the 
inner wall of the vein. Some persons never 
fasten the lips of a cut together. It should be 
done with a pin passing through the skin, bring- 
ing the edges together. Pull out a few^ hairs of 
the mane, wrapping it around the pin. Having 
wet the hair, now tie and cut the ends ofi'. Wipe 
the neck off clean tmd in two days after take the 
pin out, holding the hair so you do not pull the 
lips apart. 



A Subduing Bridle for the Whole 

World. 

The cut oil next page rej)i'esents my patent bridle 
so sinii)le and yet so effective and so mauimotli in 
its work that the most vicious colt or horse can 
be made almost instantly to know his master and 
how to obey him. 

And not mitil this is done are you ready to 
handle your horse. It will make a horse stand 
to be shod, to be curried, harnessed, broken to 
steam, unsurpassed for stallions, teaching colts to 
lead and turn at the pull of the lines when har- 
nessed. 

1 cannot use language strong enougii to fully 
describe its great value and usefulness. AVhen 
used twenty minutes, you will be astonished at 
its unsurpassed value. It is so dilllerent from 
other appliances you have seen; can be used 
twenty times a day and never hurt or rub the 
animal and at the same time teach him to be the 
warmest friend yon ever had. 

You soon have him to follow and obey every 



98 



WILL MAKE YOU |1,000. 



cominaiul. You will teach liim to back by simply 
^ivin;:;* the cord a slight jirk and by |)ullin<>: on it 
will teach hiin to come to you at the word always 
used youvseU* to speak when you want him to (h) 
anythin<^- so he will leaiii the word also. 




This bridle shoukl be used on every stallion 
when you w^ant one under control and to listen 
to his master. For colts it is invaluable. You 
soon have pertect control of his head and neck 



A SUBDUIN(^ BRIDLP:. 



90 



and when you get liini in harness you will see the 
wonderful working. 

You can guide and liold him, for lie has been 
subdued and become gentle, for blacksmiths and 




all who shoe horses should use one. You do 
away with twitch tongs ui)on his nose, also 
whipping and kicking in trying to get him to 
stand. 



100 WILL MAKE YOU $1,000. 

ITorses liavd ioenrry or linrnoss can hv (Mitirely 
br()k(Mi and l)0('()nu> (iiiirt . 

Kacc horses that will bite when hein<;" rubbed 
will beeonie i;entle and yon can ns(* it as stated 
whenever th(* oeeasion re(iuires with as mneli 
eoniloii to the animal as his i'(\i;nlai' diiving 
bridle'. 

It. is ])erreetly eonifortable unless he does sonie- 
lhini>re(]uirini>you to correct liini. Wlien you do 
so you never liave (o ^o to his head to relieve 
him of pain, lor Hk^ bridh* adjusts itself. 

Workiui^" on rollers, it is impossible for any 
l>art to hohl fast unless you want it. l>y pulliui; 
the eord ti.i;ht and tie a hK)]) bi^tween the* bit and 
rollers on the left side, you will liave him to stand 
like in harness, the eord over tlu^ nc^'k holding' 
his head in ])osition. 

In usini;' the bridle for lirst time, use your whip 
to touch him u]> and teach him to be (puck and 
follow you, rii^ht and left, as you may turn. 

If a runaAvay animal and you e\i)ect (hinder, 
take a. strap one inch wide after usin^*;' break 
bridle, makini;- it as loni;- as your driviuii,- bridle. 
r>rini>- the vud of the strap through your bit, 
which nuist be a sua tile, brin^ini;- the ends throui»h 
from the inside. Now sow or rivet rings on 
eacli end larger than on the bit and fasten the 
lines in these rings. When you pull you liave full 



A Slini)lIIN(J HRIDIJv 



101 



control and liold jiny liorsc in the world that can 
1)0 liold by any snc^h power, unless it he ji litty or 
dnnd) animal. 

Palcnt applied (or Mareli r)lh, 1S!)1>. 




Cattle. 

I would not think of closing- my book witliout 
saying' a few words about the ox, of which mention 
is nuide in the oUlest liistory of the workl, the 
Bible. 

The ox belongs to the class mamnuiUa, animals 
having teats; the order rnminant}((, chewing 
their food a second time; the tribe horidae, the 
ox kind; the (;eni s bos, the horns occupying the 
crest, i)rojecting at first sideways and being 
l)orous or cellular withii:. Distinguished accord- 
ing to their teeth, they have eight hiclsors or 
cutting teeth in the lower jaw and none in the 
upi)ei'. They have no tusks, but they have six 
molars or grinding teeth in each jaw and on each 
side, making 32 teeth in all. 

The native country of the ox, reckoning from 
the time of the tlood, was the plains of Ararat, 
and he was a domesticated animal when he issued 
from the ark. The earliest i-ecord we have of the 
ox is in the sacred volume. Even in the ante- 
diluvian age, soon after the expulsion from Eden, 
the sheep had become the servant of man; and it 



CATTLE. 103 

is not impro})abl(3 that tlie ox was siihjii^ated at 
tlie same time. 

Tlie records oj' profane history confirm this 
account of the early domestic^ation and acknowl- 
edged value of thfs animal, for it was worshiped 
hy the lOgyptians and venerated amon<;' the 
inhabitants of India. ^J'he parent race of the ox 
is said to have been much lar<i^er than any of the 
j)resent varieties. 

The ox, in his wihl state at least, was an enor- 
)nous and tierces animal and ancient le<>'ends have 
thrown around him an air of mysteiT. In the 
eailicst and most authentic account that we 
possess of the Hritish Isles, wc learn that the 
IJritons i)ossessed great numbers of cattle. No 
satisfactory description of these cattle occur in 
any ancient author; but they, with occasional 
excei)tions, possessed no great bulk or beauty. 
The breeds of cattle, as they are now found in 
(Jreat Britain, an* almost as various as the soil 
of the different districts, or the fancies of the 
l)reeders. 

At the present day we have as tine cattle as 
can be found across the waters, in fact we can 
find sale for our cattle across the waters, especially 
the fat cattle. I shall n(jt speak of any particular 
breeds of cattle to breeil from; our breeders differ 
so, some liking one breed and some another, 



104 WILL MAKE YOU |J,000. 

while some are used for their milk, others for 
the market. 

The a<i:es of cattle are told by the teeth and 
horns, while the horns are not accnrate, especially 
ill a heifer, shonld she take ny at two years. In 
the bnll the horns differ from the general rnle. 
The heifer will show one v'lug at three years, the 
bnll at five years. When a calf is one month okl 
it has eight milk teeth on the lower jaw. All 
cattle are free from teeth on the ni)i)er Jaw, hav- 
ing* only nippers on the lower Jaw. When eigh- 
teen months old they have lost the milk teeth 
and have two large nii)pers in the center in front. 
When two years old, fonr large ni])pers; three 
years old, six large nippers; one millv tooth at 
each corner. AVhen fonr years and past they 
have a full month, having lost all their milk 
teeth. They then have a good mouth, that the 
buyer can go by till ten years old. After that 
time, the teeth shrink and separate and so con- 
tinue to wear down in the gums until there is no 
accuracy of telling their age. It greatly dei>ends 
on how they are taken care of in the m iimer of 
feeding and exposure. 



Feeding Cattle. 



The ('0118111111)11011 of food depeiids upon the 
l)reed and mjike of cattle. Cattle with a round 
barrel will keep on less feed than one the oi)po- 
site make. I do not want to put mjself iii) 
against old feeders and cattle breeders, for their 
ways are well established and years of experience 
have led them to proper conclusion what and 
how they shall feed. 

The less cows are exposed to rough weather, 
they will give more milk and remain more healthy 
and keep in good condition. 

Cattle should be watered during the winter 
after breakfast and at 4 o'clock in the evening. 
I believe in regular feeding to keep continual 
flow of milk, also iiesh; and this will keep stock 
in healthy condition; what cattle eat has to per- 
form many functions. I believe to keep them 
perfectly healthy cannot be accomplished with- 
out mixed food. 

Cows, where fed high, should have their feed 
lessened three weeks before calving. Fat cows 
^re more liable to cJllf 9V puerperal fever. 



10(1 



WILL MAKE YOU |1,000. 



'V\w UMUuwv of milking- cows is oiu^ so liii>iily 
iini)orlanl to llu' owium- of cows, more so ])ossibly 
ihan llicv iinn^inc. A slow, carchvss milker will 
«lry 11)) the b(\st milker. 

'riuM'c is much sli^lit in hciiii; (he best milker 
and havin<;" the [)ro])er mip and milking- re«i:nlarly 
as the milk Hows (h)wn into the teat, without too 
much jerking" and not allowini; the t(*at to ^et 
too full between the i^rip of the teat. 1 think 
the occupation l)elou.ns to the (hviry maid alone. 

(\>ws sliould never be dri\(Mi lonn' distance to 
pasture, if you expect a i^'ood (low of milk. 

in teiHlin*;' calves, the work is i;-en( rally done 
by tlu* wonuMi o( (he farm, who thoroughly uuiUm'- 
s(and all abou( the milk and should be V(mt 
careful to never <»ive them sour milk, as it will 
uive tluMu the scours, especially in warm weather, 




Diseases ot' Cattle. 

(■uttle (liscasijs ;ire, in injiiiy p;irlic.iil;u's, similai* 
to lliosc of llic horse. Still llicrt^ jirc^ niany 
(lis<!jis(\s ('n'(.'(ttin<; cattle, in wliich wc (ail to (ind 
a counteipart, in any disease? attack in;; horses. 
Anion;^' such diseases, we may UK^ntion those of 
rinderpest, nnmain and hhujk h;;;'. 

It nnist he lenu^nihered hy ev(;ry person who 
und(Mtakes lo •^ive medicine to <;attle, that they 
have lonr stomaches. Vov this I'eason, catth? 
shonld, nndei' vvvAy condition, he tic^ated with 
mediciiui in n fluid t'onn onli/, so that it niay |)ass 
from one stomach to anothei* without injniy and 
in the shortest possible time. IJy ;;ivin;;' medi- 
cine in tJM'. form of a, soI'hI, in places of its lindin^' 
its way into any of tin? stomachs, it is more liki^Iy 
to i)i'eak thron^^h the llooi' of tlu^ ;;idh't, thus not 
only losin;^ tln^ meclicine, i)nt al times desti'oy in i;' 
tlie animal. 

In cas(^s of abHC(;ss, tumors, sor<is or idcers in 
cattle and where the des(;ription and treatment is 
not full enou;>]i oi* not ^iven at all, the reader is 
re<piested to t uiii to the diseaK(\s of tin? liorse, in 



108 WILL MAKE YOU $1,000. 



the preceding i>ai't of this work, Avhere lie will 
iind ample information upon the subjects. 

In my remarks npon the diseases of cattle, I 
will only speak of those that may come in every 
day occurrence and may be treated by the former 
or unprofessional if they will pay close attention 
to what they Iind in this little manuel. 

One of the commonest of diseases, but most im- 
portant I will speak of first, that of milk fever. 




Milk Feoer. 

This disease rarely occurs until the auiuial has 
attained mature age. There are few diseases 
that the farmer dread more than this, the lirst 
symptoms of which show in from one to six days 
after parturition an^l is shown by a weakness and 
finally loss of power in the hinder parts. 

Cows that are in high condition are more subject 
to this fever than thin. bony cows, and those calving 
in the summer season are more liable to the fever 
than those calving in winter or cold weather. If 
we find that our cows before calving are fat and 
bowels light, we should giv^e them a pound of 
epsom salt and keep their bowels open a week or 
more before calving and for six or eight da>s 
thereafter, with warm slops after calving. 

In the treatment of this fever, do not dehiy. 
One ounce of pure opium in powder; tincture of 
aconite rcot, oO drops; spirits of nitre, 1 ounce; 1 
pt. corn meal, mix all with warm Avater into a 
thin gruel and give in one dose. Keep the head 
wet with cold Avater or ice cracked and i)ut in a 
bag, give the aconite 30 drops every four hours. 



no WILL MAKE YOU $1,000. 



until six (loses have been given. It* constipated, 
give one pound of ei)soni salts, half tea cui) of 
molasses; ginger, one ounee. 

(live plenty of eold water, [>lenty of air, and 
do not allow her to remain too long on one side 
without turning. Use external mustard, half 
pound, mix with aqua ammonia and water, ecpial 
])arts, rubbing it well into the hair along.the back 
and loins, then cover with newspaper, sticking 
the paper on to the mustard, taking care to keep 
the cow (piiet and by herself, and she will get 
well. In the treatment here given 1 have been 
most successful. 



Colic and Bloating. 

Colic is caused by tlie animal liavin^ eaten 
lar<4e (luantities of young grass or clover, tnrnii)s 
or cabbage, wliich by fermentation generates gas, 
which greatly disturbs the hauiK^h and leftside 
of the belly, causing great ])ain to tlu^ animal, 
and frecjuently threatening suffocation. 

If the cow is very lieavily bloated when dis- 
covered, at once use your trocar in the left side 
midway between the last rib and tlie point of the 
hij) bone, about twelve inches from the center ()f 
the back or loins. In case you have not a tro<;ar, 
which I advise all farmers to keep, then use the 
knife. 

In case you «lo not have to wse instrument, and 
cau give medicine, then give half oz. cloride of 
lime; one oz. labelia; half oz. mustard; i)ut in 
enougii water that it may be administered. If 
the animal is subject to colic, then give my horse 
'f\r\d cattle powders. 



Diarrhoea and Di|cSCiitcrij. 

(-atthnnT IVtMiucnlly siihjtM'i lo lliis disoaac, 
iwu'ticnlnrly in IIm' spiin;n nv1i*'i» Hk' iL;rass is youn^" 
i\\\{\ soil. ('ai\('s ;^^(^ cspccinlly siibjccl lo lliis 
disease, juhI il ol'lcn |U(>\<'s fnlnl 1«> IImmii. So 
lon;i»* as llio calf is IIncIv and Ircds well, llio 
tarincM' need i'eel no alarm for him. 

TIh^ symploms sire loo well known to re<|nire 
any deseriplion. In the early stjii^cs of this 
(Tiseasi^ wliert^ a^rnel of llonrand pre|>ared ehalk 
nnxe<l will not^ answer, liien nse Hie followini;' 
powder Iwiee ;i {\a\, ni^^Id and morning: IMdvei- 
izi'd eatt'ehn, opinm and jamaiea. j^in^'ei, of ea<'li 
half an onnee; i)repare<l <-halK, one onn<'e; mix 
and divide into twehe p<>w(lers. 

In ease it shonlil run into <lysenteiy, <;i\t» of 
ealonu'l, p<»wdered opinm and i;nm eamphor, of 
each on(^ draehm three limes daily; or ^iv(^ one 
drachm of the extract of belladonna, three times 
a day, dissolved in water. DystMdery can be 
told U\ the blood\ diseliarii'e and inflammation. 



Rabies. 

In case any animal alMicted with liydiopliobia 
should j[»et {j.nion^' the herd of cattle, the only 
tiling- to do is to at once open the wound with a 
knife, and then cauterize the wound with lunar 
caustic, caustic potash, oi- the per-nian^^anate of 
|K>tash, taking special care that eveiy scratch 
made by the infuriated animal be carefully 
treated. 

Lice. 

Cattle are very subject to lice, when they are 
neglected and half starved, and become poor and 
rough haired, for lice do not feel at home on the 
skin of a sleek-haired, well-fed cow. From being 
lousy to becoming mangy is but onci single stei). 
Take the cow and wash her with the following 
wash, using a horse brush: I\Iake a strong iU\- 
coction of tobacco water. Stems from a cigar 
factory may be used; then to one (piart of the 
tobacco water add one ounce of white hellebore; 
three ounces of sulphur flower; mix all well 
together; wjush one side of the cow and if she 



114 WILL MAKE YOU $1,000. 

does not ^ct sick, then wash the cow all over; 
hut if she should get sick, then wait until the 
next <hiy. One or two ai)plications are generally 
all that will be required. 1 would reconunend 
my condition powders to be given night and 



morning. 



Caloing. 



On the subji^ct of calving in its dilt'erent stages, 
I wouhl vvi'vY my reader to the article on mares 
foaling in the i)receding pages, as the treatment 
is siniilai". 1 would remind you that you should 
be \ ery careful and not allow the cow to eat her 
net, which is a violation of nature. Mares being- 
cleaner will never eat their net. Cows frequently, 
by not being well salted, will cause them tirst to 
lick the calf, and next to eat the net. Give, 
after calving, epsom salts, one pound; ginger, 
two ounces; aconite, tifteeu drops. 

Goto Itch. 

When the feet become sore between the toes, 
and ankles swell, keep in the dry and use corrosive 
liniment night and morning for four <lays. Sure 
cure. 

Teats. 

Teats of milk cows give a great deal of trouble. 
Certain stoppages preventing the flow of milk 



TEAT8. 115 

through its chaiincl. One of the ohsfrnctioiis 
which you can feel rcsenibli^sM lianl imbblc. Use, 
if possible, a milk sj|>h()n. In case yon have not 
the instrunuint, then use a knitting needle, not 
having it too sliarp on the end. l*nsli ^^cntly 
through the obstruction. This may luive to lie 
done from ten to fourteen days, going through the 
operation threes times a day, till nature; has (mce 
more erased its obstruction. 

Warts are also troublesome on the teats and 
yet so simple to get rid of. Simi)ly take a juiir 
of sharp scissors and cut theni out. Be sure you 
cut the button otf the wart, Avhich you can tell 
by feeling Ix^fore you cut. ''IMumi heal with zinc 
ointment. 

Cracked or Sore Teats. 

Grease well Avith zinc ointment after milkiiiii. 

To Dry a Coic's Bags. 

'i'ake 4 oz. of hog's lard; .*> oz. of gum cam[>hor; 
put on the stove until thecomphor has melted in 
the lard. Then grease twice a day. This is also 
good for mares, and sows losing their ])igs. 

Diseased Teeth. 

In many cases cattle sutter and lose ilesh, and 
sometimes cause eruptions under the jaw. In 



lift 



WILL MAKE YOU $1,000. 



all sncli eases extract teetli, and if eruption con- 
tinues, inject from the outside or use a little mop. 
Apply corrosive liniment for a few days. 




Pleuro-Pncumonia. 

Tliis l)ein<4" one of tli(3 diseases so dreadeil by 
fariiieis and cattUj owiieis, so contagions in its 
character, and so easily connnnnicaled IVoni one 
animal to another in their fee<lin^- places, tronghs, 
and so forth, it even l)ein<^- connnnnicaled throngh 
the medium of tlie air, the symptoms are liardly 
patent to the eye at Ihst, and indeiMl can fool the 
most ske[)tical. Cattle will fatten well and look 
well when driven to the slaughter house, models 
of health, but to the surprise? of the butcher, 
when oi)ened only half of the lnn<>s are lound 
performing the functions of i('S})iration. When 
the animal commences to lose ai)petite, dry 
cough, i)r()ducing i)ain when he coughs, causing 
him to cough easy and dry, and seems to get 
sore over the loins, so nnich so if you i)i'ess upon 
the loins, he will stoop in the back as though in 
great i)ain and will sometimes groan. When 
such is the case you car not be deceived in th(? 
disease. 

[ do not say tliat every cow tliat has a cougli 



118 WILL MAKE YOU *1,000. 



has the pleiiro-piieninDnia, but I would advise as 
a means of preeautiou, that for the sake of safety, 
the cow be taken from the rest and ])h^eed at 
some distance from the lierd, that good disin- 
fectants l)e used around lier, that she be well 
cared for in a good, warm shed, if you have to 
build one, and thatcli it thick with straw to make 
it warm and dry. A]h)w i)lenty of pure air, cold 
water and good, strong feed, but not too nnich 
at a time. This will be bett^^r than thin, poor 
and non-strengthening sloj), which is so injurious 
and dece[)tive, and so often adopted in cases of 
sickness. When you tirst notice tlie cough ami 
loss of api)etite, give the following powders: 
Tincture of aconite root, I) drachms; powdered 
gentian root, »*> ounces; powdered ginger root, *> 
ounces; sulphate of iron, 2 ounces; sulphite of 
soda, 2} ounces; mix well together, and divide 
into live powders. Give a powder every 4 hours, 
from (> o'clock in the morning until 10 o'clock at 
night. Give the i>owder in a bottle of water 
sweetened with honey, brown sugar or syrup. 
In the next day's po\vders and thereafter use the 
same nnxture, leaving out the tincture of aconite 
and give them but //r/vv? times a day, instead of 
every four hours. 

After havuig her in the i)en and having ascer- 
tained that she had the pleuro-i>neumonia, I 
wn)uld reconunend that she be killed, for she may 
be as you think, perfectly cured, and still have 



CHOCKING OF CATTEL. 119 



enoua;ii of the disease lingering in lier to start tbe 
entire herd. So, 1 say finally, give lier a dose of 
cold lead and bnry \\ev deej). 

Choking of Cattle. 

Choking of cattle often occurs on apples, 
])otatoes and turnips in the gullet, hy running 
the hand along the throat down the neck, they 
are sometimes removed. If not removed by this 
use the probang, lunning it down the cow's 
throat, pushing the substance into the stomach. 
If you have not the i)robang, use the butt end of 
a whale-bone whi[), ascertaining first there are no 
rough edges on the whip. 

Rupture in Calues. 

Rupture in calves occurs both at birth and 
afterwards and may be easily cured by pushing 
the bowels up in the belly. Then take u^) the 
loose skin, tie a waxed end close up to the stomach 
to keep the cord from slipping ofl'. Stick a 
large darning needle through the l)unch ck>se up 
to the cord and let it remain in a few days. The 
lump wiU fall ottand leave a healthy s*>re without 
any rupture. I would keep the calf from others, 
so that it would not be Imtheied or worried. 



Wolf in the Tail. 

This has been one of the disoascs that lias 
cnnscd much comnuMir. Also hollow horn. 1 do 
not briicve in hollow liom nor do 1 nnderstand 
this wolf l)nsin(.'ss, but I am sure that if the cow 
has lc\ cr we need no better <inide than the horn. 
When we lind the eow has little use of her tail 
and swollen down near the end, if we cut the 
tail where we lind it soft we lind a peculiar, watery 
substance with a ^•an<iTene smell, which readily 
runs out. ]f this tluid is allowed to remain, I 
believe the cow would lose part other tail, if not 
all of it. 

T accept this ])art and use the knife at once 
and soon the horns i>('t to their ])roper tem])era- 
ture and all fever abates, showing,- that the tail or 
spine and horns are in syn)i)athy with one another. 
Cut the slit lengthwise with the tail three or four 
inches lon<>', bein^" careful the knife does not 
touch the bone. 

Milch cows are most valuable. AVe will now 
show tigures and look into the case. The ration 
that makes a pound of Ixh^' when fed to a steer 



WOLF IN THE TAIL. l.'l 



would, if fed to a ^ood cow, ,i;iv(' us twice or 
more tlie food value, mid that of a much l)ig^('r 
commercial value. His explanation is this: To 
fatten a steer he must have a ration as lar^e as 
the cow in full thirty pound flow of milk. ^Fhe 
steer in a year will .i»ain five hundred i)ounds if 
well looked after; the actual food of this iive 
hundred poumls ai>[)roximates 125 i)oun(ls of 
protein and fats. 

The cow in 3(J5 days gives 5,()00 pounds of milk 
with 350 ])ounds of protein and fat and 200 i)ounds 
of milk sugar. The fat ])roduced by the steer as 
tallow sells for 3i cents, and the fat i)roduced by 
the cow (butter) sells for 25 cents. The proteins 
of meat sell for about the same as the proteins in 
the form of cheese. 



GrotDth of the Creamery System. 

It is probable that liilly oiu'-lialt* pound more 
butter is recovered from each hundred pounds of 
milk under the creamery system than can be 
made by a private (hiiry as usually managed. 
Allowing- that each cow produced 5,000 pounds 
of milk per year, which is about the average, 
there would be an increase of twenty-live pounds 
of butter for each cow per annum to the credit ot# 
the factory system. It is not difticult to believe 
that this increase is easily absorbed by the market 
because of the imi)roved (puility of the butter. 
If there is any drop in the price of butter it will 
not do to ascribe it to the creamery system until 
we have taken into account the enormous output 
of the butterine factories. 

A careful review of the subject will reveal these 
two interesting i)hases : First, the market de- 
mands for the most part a high grade product, is 
willing to pay for it and can absorb an enormous 
quantity without materially affecting the prices. 
This enormous demand for good butter has been 
met by the creamery in a very satisfactory way. 



GROWTH OF CREAMERY SYSTEM. 123 



In the second place, it is snri)rising to see the 
prices stand as well as tbey do when snch a lar^e 
amount of imitation butter is brought on the 
market and placed beside the jnoduct of private 
daries and the enormous output of the creameries. 

In thus speaking- of i)rivate dnries we do not 
have in mind the scattered few that turn out 
that exceptionally tine product that goes direct to 
consumers. These centers of choice [production 
are legitimate and vshould be encouraged; they 
will ])robably never be supplanted. The average 
farm butter is the kind that suffers, jind l)etween 
the creameries on the one hand and butterine on 
the other it is having a hard time of it. 

'i'he great lesson in all this is that the average 
consumer desires good butter and is willing to 
l)ay a fair i)rice for it. With the better average 
product comes a greater consumption, and c(mse- 
(piently steadiness of fair prices. 



Hogs. 



I sliall not close without saying* something' 
about hogs. We are k)st without a good 
smokehouse lull of bacon. I have had many 
sick hogs and show testimonials from those who 
have had my services to bear me out. 

^rhe hog can live in almost any cliuiate; they 
enjoy warm countries; there are large quantities 
in East Indies. They enjoy woods and farms and 
root for nuts, worms and young roots. The hog 
is spoken of in all histories and goes back 141)0 
yeais B. 0. Kouians made raising of hogs a 
study, in which thej are said to be most success- 
ful. The Jews, ]^]gyi)tians and the Mohammedans 
a])i)ear to dislike the flesh of the hog. It seems 
Moses laid the law down for the »Jews. I liave 
never read what tinu^ they were taken from the 
wild state. 

What a notion that the hog is a stupid and 
sellish animal, and a dirty and disgusting one to 
be with and watch his ways. They have plenty 
of temper and when not much about are very 
shy of man. When they ruu in large herds they 



H0G8. 125 

seem agreeable to each other and hiuhlle together 
to keep warn). Nothing is more dangeious and 
more earefnl than the sow with her pigs. 

ITogs can he taught niucli by feeding and will 
soon learn your call and follow you. lie, like us, 
is fond of a good bed; a sow before she has ])igs 
will carry straw and leaves and make a nice bed, 
as good as though she had hands. They seem 
to know when the weather is going to make a 
change. 

Hogs only live to »*at and they are not dainty. 
When in j)ens will eat almost anything given 
them. They are very nuudi neglected and abused 
by dogs, many times when your fences are the 
cause. 

The wild boar is really tlu; daddy from whom all 
domesticated breeds have sj)rung. He is a savage 
looking animal and will tight to the last when iii 
close quarters. The sow has one litter a year 
and they will stay together until grown. If one 
gets in trouble, all will come to its rescue on its 
cry. They are not as much for having numy 
pigs as our domestic sow. 

They are tirst thought to (tome to this country 
with early settlers from England. We have now 
many breeds, and persons greatly difl'er, some 
liking one breed and some another. 



Breeds of Hogs. 



The Byefield are white, with ciuly liair, nicely 
and closely made. When over a year old, say 14 
months, ean be made to weigh ^$50 lbs. net. 

The Bedford was a si)otted ho<^- that matured 
early and made line hogs. They se<^m scarce and 
about laid on the shelf. 

The Ijeieester are large coarse hogs, the only 
beauty about them is their heads, they make a 
good cross on short, thick sows. 

The Yorkshire is of a dirty white or yellow 
color, si)otted with black. They ai'e like any- 
thing but what breeders want now days. They 
can eat as much as two hogs ami fatten slow. 

The ('hinese, they inhabit Eastern Islands. 
There are two varieties, white and black. They 
fatten very fast and are very oily when cooked. 
They make a tine cross on large breeds and are 
good to raise pigs to kill for table use, when 
three to four weeks old. I'hey are strictly pretty, 
round and plump. They cross nicely with the 
Berkshire, and to grow very large ones cross with 
Chester White. 



BREEDS OF HOGS. 137 

The Suffolk are white with long legs, better to 
cross on Chinese. You then get line porkers of 
good shape that fatten good. 

The Berkshire, which is the favorite of today, I 
shall say little of, for all are acquainted with 
them and they should always have a green spot in 
evei'y breeder's mind. 




SotD With Pig. 



Feed tbeni only enough to keep tlieni in lair 
order. If in eold weather, and they show heavy 
with pig-, keep them from other hogs as they will 
])ile upon each other to keep warm and hurt 
themselves. 

Feed plenty of good ground feed, middlings or 
cooked feed. 

After they pig, never, if you can avoid it, 
allow them to eat the net. It will cause them 
after awhile to eat their pigs; and should she eat 
lier pigs, fatten her. 

Sows carry their pigs foui' months and have 
from eight to thirteen at once. Every pig has 
his own teat. 

Should a sow have more [)igs than she has 
teats, they Avill do badly. 

Let e^ ery sow have a pen to lierself. 

If you have several sows to come in the same 
time, which you should have and some come dead 
or have accident, you can give another sow one 
or more, according to her teats. Get the sow 
out other nest and slip the little pig in while she 



sow WITH PIG. 



120 



is out. Let it stay with the rest half an hour or 
more, then she cannot smell any difference and 
will own it nicely. 




Feeding Hogs. 



Feed tbein tliree times a day at same hour, if 
l)ossible. Never overfeed. 

A small quantity of salt should be ^iveu. The 
proper way is to have a piece of rock salt con- 
venient in the pen where the hog can lick it and 
get the ])roper quantity. 

It is also well to place a lump of salt in the 
field, where all of the cattle, hogs and horses can 
lick at it during the sununer, especially if the soil 
should not be clay. 

Keep pen and trough clean. 

Do not feed little and big together, for they 
will not do well and you will get them hurt. 

Let them be in classes and have plenty of 
light and air. 

They don't want nuich medicine unless you 
use a preventive or have any sick and should 
then be handled with care. 

Never drench, if you can avoid it. 

I saw once a very singular case. A farmer, 
thinking he could cure cholera, noticed his hogs' 
eyes red and very dull, and they had no appetite 



FEEDING HOGS. 131 



He said to bis wife, "our hogs all are sick. Get 
my medicine ready— soft soap, vinegar," tK:c. 
This being done, he went to work on them and 
killed ever so many of them when, in fact, his 
hogs had the common complaint which hogsbava% 
viz. measles. 

I was sent for and told him his hogs had not 
the cholera. I then explained the matter. We 
gave the hogs the old apple-butter kettle full of 
hot slop with sulphur, nitre and black antimony, 
putting the medicine tirst in the trough and 
giving each grown hog about one ounce. He did 
this each day for live days and everything was 
sound and well. 

Clean and give fresh straw. A little nursing 
tells with hogs. By watching them, you will 
gain in number and profit in a year. 

Some farmers will turn their sows out to run 
in the woods or tields to take care of themselves, 
while they should be housed and cared for the 
same as a sheplierd cares for his sheep. 

The sow, when with her pigs, in or about the 
nest, will tight for and i>r()tect them; but at times 
she may wander away from them, while hunting 
for food. At such times foxes, eagles and even 
large hawks will attack and carry otf the pigs 
which is always a dead loss to the farmer. 



Hog Cholera. 

1 here attacli my cholera receipt with iiulorsers 
to the same: 

Lime, slaked, i poniKl. 

Venetian red, 1 " 

Sulphur, 1 

Black antimony, 1 " 

Ginger, 1 " 

Salt petre, 1 

Cayen pepper, i " 

Charcoal powder, 1 '* 

Mix the above together and give from one to 
two ounces a day. If hogs are large give half 
dose at noon. Feed small hogs accordi ugly. Pigs, 
four weeks' old, teaspoon ful twice a day. You 
can make up any quantity you want by taking 
equal parts. 

When taken in time, it is an invaluable medi- 
cine. 

When hogs are kept iu i)ens, give them char- 
coal in their pens. ]f you have not charcoal, use 
old, rotten wood, a willow stump is good. 
xVlways prevent breaming sows from breaking 



HOG CHOLERA. 



133 



into a pen of fattening hogs, as by jumping on 
their backs they may become unjoin ted or other- 
wise crippled. 




APfidaoits, 

Affidavit of Mr. Coxrad Seibert : . 

Personally ai)i)e{U'e<l before nie, a Notary Public 
for Washington Co., ^fd., INfr. Conrad Seibert, 
and made oath in due form of law that the 
accompanying statement is true and correct to 
his own personal knowledge: 

In the fall of 1884 I had four hogs that had tlie 
cholera. Two could not stand up for several 
days. The others were not so bad. I got three 
packages of nuMlicine from Doctor G. 11. Hollings- 
worth and gave it to them. They all got well. 
They all improved from the time they commenced 
to take it and got fat and healthy. Two that 
had been sick when they were killed weighed 200 
])Ounds each. They were under one year old. 

Conrad Seibert. 

• Subscribed and sworn to before me, this 14th 
day of December, 1885. 

D. W. Crowther, 
Notary Public. 
We know the within-named Conrad Seibert, 



AFFIDAVITS. 135 



and know bim to be a man of ^ood standing in 
this conimnnit3\ 

Geo. B. Oswald, Clk. Ct. Ct. 

Thos. E. HiLLiARD, Keg. of Wills, 

William T. Hamilton, 

A. Iv. Syestek, 

Louis E. McComas, Congressman. 



Affidavit of Mr. I^'rfdekick Frank: 

Personally ai)i>eared before me, a Notary rnblic 
for Washington County, Md., Mv. Frederiek 
Frank and made oath in due foriu of law that 
the aeeompanying statement is true and eorreet 
to his own personal knowk'dge: 

In the fall of 1884 I had nine hogs in the pen. 
When J sent for Dr. O. 11. llollin<:s\\(>rth, one of 
them was nearly dead. I had given it up. It 
could not stand and could liardlv make any noise. 
I ga\*e it some of the medicine and it recovered. 
The others were sick and had the scours. I 
give it to them and they all recovered and did 
well, and sold tliem all excej>t three, which I 
killed. 

This st'ason, (1885,) I had to use the sanie 
nu'dicine again. Three hogs were sick. It cured 
thein and they are getting fat. They can be 
seen at njy house until March. 

Frederick Frank. 

Snbscril)ed and sworn to before me tln» TJtli 



186 WILL MAKE YOU $1,000. 

(lay of December, 1885. 1>. W. Crowther, 

Notary rublic. 
We know Frederick Frank and know bini to be 
a man of good standing in tbe community. 
Geo. B. Oswald, Clk. Ct. Ct., 
Thos. E. HiLLLVRi), Reg. of Wills, 
A. K. Syester, 

LOULS E. MCCOMAS. 



AFiiDAvrr OF Joiix and John C. Miller, 
of Leitersburg ])istrict. 

Personally appeared before me, a Notary rublie 
for Wasbington Co., Md.. and made oatli in due 
form of law tbat tbe statement made below is 
true and correct to tbeir owii personal knowledge: 

In tbe fall of 1884, we bad about twenty bead 
of bogs in tbe pens. Several of tbe bogs became 
sick and bad spasms wben tbey commenced to 
eat. One laid down or only raised on bis front 
legs for about two weeks. Tbe rest of tbe bogs 
in tbe same pens bad no signs of tbe disease and 
fattened well. Tbose tbat were sick recovered 
and did better tban before. 

AVe only lost one bog out of about twenty bead 

and be bad been sick for a week before we used 

the medicine we got from Dr. G. 11. Holliugs- 

wortb, and could not eat. We bave used this 

remedy for two seasons, and we bave bad no 

disease this fall. John Miller, 

John 0. Miller. 



AFFIDAVITS. HJ; 



Subscribed and at]irine<l to before me, tliis l»5tb 
diiy of December, 188."). 1). AV. Cuowtiikr. 

Wc know John Miller Jind John (;. Millei' and 
know them to be men of good standi n<>- in tlie 
community. 

Geo. B. Oswald, Clk. (^t. Ct., 
TUOS. E. IIlLLIAIlD, llcg. of Wills, 
Louis E. McComas, Congressman. 
I know Jobn Miller and John C. Miller. 
Tliey are gentlemen of good standing in 
tlie connnunity and in every respect entitled 
to credit. William T. IIainiiltox, 

A. K. Syester. 




Guide to Otoner and Tenant. 

As I bave said, "a stitch iu time saves nine." 
It is a true saying and I ngain put the reader to 
look after things closely, or jog his tenant. 

The first requirement of successful stock grow- 
ing is care. Without it good blood or good feed 
or good natural conditions will h)se nearly all 
their value, and all combined can scarcely bring 
a profit. 

Care cannot take the place of good blood or 
good food or favorable natural conditions, but it 
can do more alone than any of them, and with 
them as its materials it will produce the most 
gratifying results. 

It is the man who sees to it that no one of his 
animals lacks good food, good drink, good shelter 
or good blood that makes the striking success of 
stock raising. 

His calves are not still-born, his lambs are not 
disowned, his colts have not weak ankle joints, 
his pigs are not farrowed with cholera for a mate, 
his dams do not have difficulty in giving birth, 



GUIDE TO OWNER AND TENANT. 



139 



liis animals are not hurt or killed by accident, he 
does not allow lambs to be frozen the niglit they 
are dropped, or the calf to stray ofl* and die, or 
the litter to be drowned in its nest. 

He makes money ont of stock raising, and he 
irives care at all seasons. 




Tincture Aconite Root 

Every man who keeps n horse should keep a 
vial of this poison drug in some safe jdace where 
he can put his hand on it at any time. You will 
save many a horse if used in time. 

Ask the druggist to give you a little eye 
dropper or a small vial holding sixty drops, and 
give for a dose from twenty-five to thirty drops 
for chill. There are so many things it is good for, 
that you will not go wrong to give a dose, when- 
ever you see your horse drooi)y. Do not follow 
giving it too fast — every three or four hours, and 
then according to the size and age of the animal. 
After giving several doses and no better and you 
are not able to diagnose the case, take advice. 
Very often you will strike the nail straight. 

Give them one dose for a day or so for colds 
and let the animal have little rest during that 
time until he commences to feed well and look 
full and bright. 



Sulphur. 



Sulphur should be bought in large quantities 
where much stock is kept. 

Sulphur as a horse medicine has peculiar and 
valuable properties. 

It is alterative, mildly cathartic and disin- 
fectant. 

It destroys putridity of the bowels quicker than 
any other medicine and acts very Unely upon the 
absorbents. 

It is somewhat sedative and most certainly 
diuretic. But it is most vahiable in its action 
upon the skin and hair. 

It opens the pores and stimulates the oil}^ 
secretions to ])ress to the surface. 

It may be given in any quantity without 
injury to Ihe horse. The nsual dose is two 
ounces every day or four ounces every other day. 
A teaspoon ful of salt petre may be adde<l. 



Corrosioe Liniment, External Use 

Only. 

There is iiotliin^ that takes tlie place of this 
liniment. 

I believe it to be the best in the whole world. 

Take a pint of turpentine, which put in a good, 
strong bottle, adding an ounce of finely-pulver- 
ized corrosive sublimate and an ounce of gum 
camphor. Shake well and let the mixture stand 
for twenty-four hours, when it will be lit for use. 

The value of this liniment depends greatly 
upon the fineness to which the corrosive subli- 
mate is pulverized. Grind it as fine as possible 
in a druggist's mortar; pounding with a hammer 
will not answer. 

The object of this i)ulverization is to get the 
substance in such a form that it will be readily 
dissolved by the turpentine. 

There are comparatively few liquids which will 
dissolve corrosive sublimate. Turpentine is one of 
these. 

Corrosive sublimate is one of the most violent 



CORROSIVE LINIMENT. 145 



poisons. Its combination with turpentine con- 
stitutes one of the most powerful of medicines, 
increasing- in its active ])roperties by keeping. 

I believe it to be the most penetrating and 
healing liniment. It reaches the seat of disease 
through any and all obstacles. It destroys all 
infection, putridity, ulceration, old running sores, 
])roud flesh and all skin and bone diseases of the 
horse. 

It will cure big head and jaw, grease, thrush, 
scratches, swelled legs, hoofrot, foot evil, corns, 
ulceration of the foot, (navicular disease,) hstula, 
l)oll-evil, ring-bone and spavin in their first 
stages. 

Always shake the bottle well before taking out 
the stopper. Pour the liquid into an earthen 
vessel, as it corrodes vessels of metal. Apply 
witii a little mop of soft rag. 

On all bone affection the liniment is to be 
thoroughly dried in by means of a hot iron held 
close to the medicated spot, but not close enough 
to burn the animal. 

Particular directions are given in connection 
with the description of diseases how to ]>roceed 
in reference to quantity and manner of using the 
liniment. 

While it penetrates the skin of the horse, it will 
make him jump around for about ten or fifteen 
minutes. 



146 WILL MAKE YOU $1,000. 

Tt will not harm the hands of man. Always 
lable the bottle well, that it may not be mistaken 
for something else and taken internally. 

Magic Neroe Liniment. 

Get a strong bottle capable of holding' eight 
ounces, into which imt 

Spirits of hartshorn, 1| ounces. 

Sulphuric ether, 1| " 

Spirits of turpentine, ^ " 

Sweet oil, J 

Oil of cloves, i " 

Chloroform, 1 " 

Shake well and your liniment is ready for use. 
The bottle should be well closed, with a ground 
glass stopper, if possible, as several of the 
ingredients of the mixture are highly volatile. 

It should be kept in a dark place or else closely 
wrapped in thick paper or cloth, as light tends to 
destroy its power. 

This liniment, as its name implies, is applied 
for nervous affections and is very soothing in its 
effects. It allays the j)ain in cases of string halt, 
cramps, contraction of the skin, sprains, swelled 
legs and joints. ^ 

It is used as a counter-irritant to rub over the 
region of the throat in colds, coughs, swelled 
throat, etc.; the lungs in bronchitis, pnenmonia 
and pleurisy; the stomach and bowels in colic 



MEDICINES. 147 



and enteritis; the back and loins in all affections 
of the kidneys and nrinary organs. 

It is also excellent to apply to the region of the 
brain, in all cerebral distnrbances. 

If apjjlied early enongh it will cnre tumors and 
other swellings. 

Persons with rhenniatisni can spend many a 
night with i)leasant slee]) by rubbing parts 
effected. For sick headache or toothache, bathe 
temples, forehead, sides of the neck. 

Liniment l^or Bruises. 

Alcohol, 1 pint. 

Castile soap, 4 ounces. 

Gum camphor, J " 



Sal ammoniac, J '* 



When these are dissolved add 

Laudanum, 1 " 

Origanum, I " 

Oil of sassafras, i " 

Spirits of hartshorn, 2 " 

Bathe freely. This is tine liniment and should 
be kept on hand all the time. 

Lime Liniment. 

Lime water and linseed oil, 1 pint each, are ex- 
cellent for burns of any kind. Two ounces of 
laudanum may be used, also, and should be kept 
by every one on a farm. 

It is so excellent for man and beast; take 



I4S WILL MAKE YOU $1,000. 

cotton bat, soak well and a])i)ly and I'opoat when 
the cotton or clotli gets dry; shake well when 
you lirst mix, also before nsini*-. 

Good Home Liniment 

strong- apple vinegar, 1 lunt. 

White of hens' eggs, 5 

Spirits of turpentine, ^ '* 

Put in strong bottle; shake well before using; 

good for strains, scratches mid bruises; will kill 

the i)oison of St. John's wee<l. 

Liniment for Man and Beast. 

Oil origanum, 1 ounce. 

Oil seuega, 1 " 

Spirits oi' turi)entine, 4 " 

Mix; apply twice a day, rubl>ing in well. 

Stimulating Liniments. 

Sweet oil, _ _ . _ 2 ounces. 

Spirits hartshorn, - - 1 " 

Si)irits turpentine, - - - J " 
Mix. 

No. 2--For splints. 

Oil origanum, - - - I ounce. 



Alcohol, - - - - J 

Turpentine, - - - ^ 

Mix. 



MEDIC'1NK«. 149 



For Callous Stoeilings After 

Bruises. 



Soup liniment, 


'1 onnces, 


Caniplior, _ _ . 


4 


A(i. iiniinonijj, - - _ 


1 


iMlx. 




F'or Strains. 




Barbjuloes 'J'ar, 


1! onnres 


Spirits Tnrp(nitin(*, - 


if u 


Soap JiininnMil, 


4 


Mix. 





Good Liniment for Cuts and 

Bruises. 

Laiulannin, - - _ _ i ounce. 

Tr. arnica, - - - - 1 " 
Spirits turpentinw, - - - 1 " 

Oil tar, - - . . 1 " 

Sweet oil to niaki; - - - 8 " 
A])ply wlien necessary. 

Liniment for Blistering. 



A(i. ammonia, 


- 


- 


1 ounce 


Spirits tnri)entin<', 




- 


- 1 


Oil origanum, 


- 


- 


1 " 



150 WILL MAKE YOU $1,000. 

Tr. cantharides, - - - 2 " 

Soap lininieiit to make - S " 

Apply with a hot iron once or twice a day. 

Liniment for General Use. 

Aq. ammonia, - - - 1 ounce. 

►Spirits turpentine, - - - i " 
Oil origanum, - - - 1 " 

Sweet oil, - - - ('4 '* 

Use once or twice a day. 

Neroe and Bone Liniment. 

For reducing swellings ])roduced by kicks, «5cc : 
Aq. ammonia, - - - 1 ounce. 
Tr. capsici, - - - - 1 " 
Oil origanum, - - - 1 *' 
Oil sassafras, - - - - 1 " 
Tr. Oantharides, - - - 1 " 
Sweet oil to make - - - 8 " 

A])ply twice a day with brisk rubbing. 



Ey 



e Wash. 



Swelled lids, bruise or injury of any kind, take 
three hen's eggs and break them into a quart of 
clear cold rain water. Stir until a thorough mix- 
ture is eflfected. r>oil over a slow tire, stirring 
every few minutes. Add half an ounce of sul- 
phate of zinc (white vitriol), continue the boiling 
a short time and the comi)ouud is ready for use. 



MEDICINES. 151 



Strain tlironob a fine sieve, then apply with a soft 
linen elotli covering the eye. Then take a piece 
of cotton bat and pnt over the cloth, and then tie 
both to the eye with a piece of ninslin. Cnt the 
muslin large enough to put the horse's ears 
through it, letting a piece come back of the ears 
4 inches. Then put on the halter, and fasten 
the end under the neck. 

J f only one eye eifected, cut a hole in the mus- 
lin for the good eye, now bathe well with the eye 
wash, several times a day, until the inflammation 
has subsided. This I greatly recommend. 

Cure for Heaues. 

Oil of tar, teaspoonful night and morning, the 
sanie is also good for coughs. 

Licorice powder and salt petre also good for 
cough, using double the quantity of powder. 

Feocr Balls. 

Emetic tartar, - - - i ounce. 
Camphor, - - - - i " 

^'itre, - - - - - 2 " 
Mix with linseed meal and molasses to make 8 
balls, and give one twice a day. 

Physic Balls. 

Aloes, - - - - 2 ounces. 

Turpentine, - - - - 1 " 



152 WILL MAKE YOU $1,000. 



Flour, ... - 1 '* 

Make into a paste with a few drops of water; 
wrap in a paper and give with a bailing iron. 

Worm Balls. 

Asafoetida, - - - l ounces. 

Gentian, - - . . - 2 *' 
Strong mercurial ointment, 1 " 
Make into mass with honey, divide into 1(> balls. 
Give 1 or more every morning. 



Liquid Blister. 



Linseed oil, - - - - ^ l>int. 
Spirits turpentine, - - I " 

Aqua ammonia, - . _ 4 ounces. 
Shake well and it is tit for use. Apply every 
third liour, until it blisters. 

Cataract. 

This can be removed from a horse's eye with 
tinely-pulverized burnt alum, blown into the 
horse's eye with a goose quill. 

Or take oil of Avintergreen; i;'et a small glass 
syringe and inject a few drops into the eye, and 
after three (hays repeat the api)lication. 

Wounds. 

One of the best washes for ordinary wounds on 
horses that is known is to take ^ lb. of saltpetre, 



MEDICINES. 153 



i a pint of tmpentine and pnt them into a bottle, 
shake well before using; ai)ply to the wound 
three times a day with a feather. 

Cure for Founder. 

Clean out the bottom of the hoof thoroughly — 
hold up the leg so as to bring the bottom of the 
hoof upwards, holding it tirmly in a horizontal 
j)osition and pour in about a tablespoonful of 
turpentine, if the cavity of the hoof will hold 
that much — if not, pour in what it will hold 
without danger of running over, touch the tur- 
pentine with a red-hot iron, (that will set it on 
lire;) hold the hoof firmly in position until it 
burns out. 

Great care must be taken that it does not run 
over on the hair oi the hoof, lest the skin be 
burned. If the feet are all affected, burn all of 
them. Relief will speedily follow, and the animal 
will be ready for service in a short time. 

If you have on hand corrosive liniment, use 
that instead of turpentine. Keep horse's feet 
stuffed with good poultice flax seed, made with 
the oil not extracted. Feed mash feed. 

Horse and Cattle PouDders. 

Ginger, black antimony, sulphur, saltpetre, 
charcoal powder, hickory ashes. 
Take equal parts of the above and mix together. 



154 WILL MAKE YOU $1,000. 

Will bo just what you have been looking for for 
years. It will aid and strengthen and cleanse 
the entire system. Can be fed to all kinds of 
stock and a small quantity to chickens and 
turkeys is excellent, in corn meal dough. Doses 
for horse, one tablespoonful morning and night. 
In any case where it requires, you may give 
three times a day. Colts under one year, tea- 
sj)Oonful, giving in chop feed or bran and oats 
mixed. 

Maggots from FlijblotD. 

Apply corrosive liniment. Will extract mag- 
gots and make healthy sores, using liniment for 
several days. 

Ointment for Saddle Galls and 
Open Sores. 

Oxide zinc, - - - i ounce. 

Lard, - - - - 2 '* 
Mix well together and apply once a day after 
washing the parts with soap and warm water. 
Use castile soap. 

Ointment for Saddle Galls. 

Calomel, - - - i ounce. 
Cosmoline, - - - 1 " 
Mix. Apply once a day. 



MEDICINES. 155 



Blistering Ointment. 

Red iodide mercury, - - J ounce. 
Oint. Spanish fly, - - ^ *' 
Lard, - - - - - 1 •* 

Mix. Apply once a day. 

This is a good blister for remedying hone 
spavin and all callous growths. 

Ointment for Cuts, Scc. 

Carbolic acid, - - J ounce. 
Oosmoline, - - - 1 " 
Mix. Apply once a day. 

Ointment for Scratches. 

Blue stone ((ine powder,) - J ounce. 
Lard, ------ l '' 

Wash the i)arts with warm water and apply 
once a day. 



Contents. 

HORSES. 

Blood Spavin and Throughpins 90 

Bone Spavin 90 

Bowels, Constipation of the 78 

Bowels, Inflammation of the 71 

Bots 73 

Burns 72 

Castrate, Time to 65 

Castration Ridglings 66 

Colic, Flatulent 78 

Colic, Geo. Washington's treatment of 77 

Colic in Horses 76 

Colic When from Home 78 

Colic, Spasmodic 77 

Colts Grain, Caution in Feeding 66 

Colts, Nothing in Cheap 64 

Colts, Rupture in 67 

Eyelids and Warts, Cut 88 

Eyes, Weak or Inflamed 85 

Foot, Nail in the 95 

Hair, Loss of 64 

Halter Pulling 64 

Hancock Biting 50 

Hancock Under the Saddle 55 



loS CONTENTS. 



Heaves J)0 

Hide Bound 92 

Hoof Bound S)2 

Hoofs, Quarter Cracked 92 

Horses, Age of 25 

Horses, Bleeding 95 

Horses, Breaking and Handling 33 

Horses, Breathing of 59 

Horses, Diseases of. How to Understand 07 

Horses, Drive, How to 41 

Horses, Drive AVith Galvanic Battery 40 

Horses, Examine, How to 18 

Horses' Feet, Soften 72 

Horses, Food for 61 

Horses, Handle, How to 28 

Horses' Hoofs, Grow 72 

Horses, Pulse of 59 

Horses, Shoeing 56 

Horses, Strangles in 83 

Horses, Temperature of GO 

Horses, Throwing ■ . 48 

Horses, Water for 63 

Legs, Scratches and Swelled 87 

Mares Foaling 09 

Pneumonia or Lung Fever 80 

Ring Bone 88 

Sores, Old 71 

Subduing Bridle for the Whole World 97 

Subduing Bridle on Horse 98 

Subduing Bridle 99 

CATTLE. 

Cattle 102 

Cattle, Choking of 119 

Cattle, Diseases of 107 

Cattle, Feeding of 105 

Calves, Rupture in 119 



CONTENTS. loU 



Calving 114 

Colic and Bloating Ill 

Cow Itch 114 

Cow's Bag, to Dry Up 115 

Creamery System, Growth of the 122 

Diarrhoea and Dysentery 112 

i-ice : ... 118 

Milk Cows Most Valuable 120 

Milk Fever 109 

Pleuro-Pneumonia 117 

Rabies 113 

Tail, Wolf in the 120 

Teats 114 

Teats, Cracked or Sore 115 

Teeth, Diseased 115 

HOGS. 

Cholera Cure, Hog 132 

Hogs 124 

Hogs, Breeds of 126 

Hogs, Feeding 130 

Sow With Pigs 128 

AFFIDAVITS. 

Frank, Affidavit of Frederick 135 

Miller, Affidavit of John and John C 136 

Seibert, Affidavit of Conrad 134 

MEDICINE, 

Aconite Root, Tincture of 140 

Balls, Fever 151 

Balls, Physic 151 

Balls, Worm 152 

Cataract 152 

Eye Wash 150 

Founder, Cure for 153 

Heaves, Cure for 151 

Liniment, Blistering 149 



160 CONTENTS. 



Liniment, Bruises, 147 

Liniment, Corrosive 144 

Liniment, Callous Swelling: 149 

Liniment, Cuts and Bruises 149 

Liniment, Good Home 148 

Liniment, General Use 150 

Liniment, Lime 147 

Liniment, Magic Nerve 146 

Liniment, Nerve and Bone 150 

Liniment, Stimulating No. 1 148 

Liniment, Stimulating, No. 2 148 

Liniment for Man and Beast 148 

Liniment, Strains 149 

Liquid Blister 152 

Maggots from Flyblow 154 

Ointment, Blistering 155 

Ointment, Cuts for 155 

Ointment, Saddle Galls, &c.. No. 1 154 

Ointment, Saddle Galls, &c., No. 2 154 

Ointment, Scratches for 155 

Owner's and Tenants, Guide to V6S 

Powders, Horse and Cattle 153 

Scab from the Horse's Leg 142 

Sulphur 141 

Wounds 153 






'^. 



,n 






fy 



^>. * ... 0^ ^0- -o 










■"oo^ 



» 'S- ?> -^ . ' <J^ ' 






■^ c \ 




"V 






A 










<^ 



-^ /\ 



.^ 






^\ ^ N G ^ -^^ 



'? , o. 






.P\v _. 






C' ^v 



•^oo' 



-? '-^ 



^/^ ' rt ft ^ *S \ 1 B i, "<, 






., . V * s ^ ,0- 






p^., 



























-^A v^ 



" •» X 4 * -^, ' 






■^oo^ 






^0 






^ ^ " / O 



o xO ^^ 









^ ft ^ ^C. \' 



■^ 



xV ./> 



0^ ^^ ""^/'c^. V ,- 







,\'^ •^ (i '-"■ -- ^^ 






^Z^- 









C^ 



aV </> i^ <:^ 









I ; '"o 0^ 



.- ^^^ 



>5 -^^ 



<■> 










/■♦ 



'ftftS^ >^ . .« .. <^. "' ^ ..V\ .owe, -^^ 



